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The Middle Ages, usually dated from the 5th to the late 15th centuries, were a period of striking contrasts. Castles rose across Europe, knights pledged their loyalty to their owners, and entire cities grew around bustling trade routes. But daily life was still full of hardship and superstition. It was an era of plagues and pilgrimages, battles and ballads, and the subreddit r/MedievalHistory offers a glimpse into these polarizing times through pictures, artifacts, and captivating stories.

#1

One Of Edinburgh Old Town’s Finest Hidden Gems, The Writers' Museum

Medieval history enthusiasts explore historic stone buildings and streets reflecting rich architectural heritage.

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Wat Tyler's Revenge
Community Member
2 months ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

Edinburgh's closes hold many secrets and wonders. Gosh I love that town.

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    #2

    The Medieval North Door Of St Edwards Church In Stow-On-The-Wold, Flanked By 700 Year Old Yew Trees

    Old medieval wooden door framed by ancient trees and stone walls, capturing the charm of medieval history enthusiasts' favorite scenes.

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    Multa Nocte
    Community Member
    2 months ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    This is one of the most beautiful and relaxing pictures I have ever seen.

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    Some call the years before the Renaissance and Enlightenment as Europe's "Dark Ages," a time of backward and brutal people who were technologically primitive and hopelessly dumb, but in fact, the Dark Ages was anything but dark.

    For example, both indoor and outdoor bathing were beloved in Europe. People not only made and used soap at home, but they frequented bathhouses—some public, some private, and some merely fronts for brothels.

    Medieval people were also well aware of the importance of dental hygiene. They were advised to rinse their teeth with water on waking to wash off any mucus that had built up overnight.

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    Gilbert the Englishman, a 13th-century doctor, suggested rubbing teeth with powders made from herbs such as mint or marjoram, and according to Gerald of Wales, the Welsh were particularly enthusiastic teeth-cleaners: "They are constantly cleaning them with green hazel-shoots and then rubbing them with woollen cloths until they shine like ivory."

    #3

    Monteriggioni Is One Of The Best Preserved Walled Medieval Towns In Tuscany, Italy

    Aerial view of a medieval walled village surrounded by fields and forests, reflecting medieval history enthusiasm.

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    #4

    Eltz Castle Is A Medieval Castle Nestled In The Hills Above The Moselle River. Rhineland-Palatinate Germany

    Person walking on stone bridge toward a large medieval castle in foggy weather, inspiring medieval history enthusiasts' joy.

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    AP
    Community Member
    2 months ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    beautiful. What fairytales were based on

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    #5

    It Is A Rock Hewn Church In Ethiopia

    Medieval history enthusiasts explore an ancient rock-hewn structure with detailed architecture and surrounding excavation.

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    In some 14th-century Burgundian villages, it seems that people at the bottom of the social hierarchy literally owned only the clothes they stood up in.

    However, there is ample evidence suggesting that most people owned at least a change of clothes, and that they washed them relatively frequently.

    Clothes could be washed in a tub, often with stale urine or wood ash added to the water, and stamped or beaten with a wooden bat until clean.

    Some did their washing in rivers and streams, and larger rivers even had special jetties to facilitate this, such as 'le levenderebrigge' on the Thames.

    #6

    My Dad Found This Sword In A Tree Root On A Forest In Germany

    Rusty medieval sword displayed in a framed case, a prized artifact for medieval history enthusiasts and collectors.

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    Paul C.
    Community Member
    2 months ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    "You can't expect to wield supreme power just 'cause some watery tart threw a sword at you!" ....Sorry I wandered off into my own little world.

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    #7

    St. Kevin's Kitchen , A 900-Year-Old Monastic House In Glendalough , Wicklow County , Ireland

    Stone medieval church with a conical tower in a green forested area, appealing to medieval history enthusiasts.

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    Hugo
    Community Member
    2 months ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    County Wicklow. No county in Ireland has the word County after the name (King's County and Queen's County were renamed long ago).

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    #8

    Bust Of Charlemagne (14th Century)

    Ornate medieval bust of a king with gold crown and jeweled robe, popular among medieval history enthusiasts.

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    #9

    Vase Given By Eleanor Of Aquitaine To Her First Husband Louis

    Medieval history artifact with ornate gold and jeweled decorations displayed in a museum setting for enthusiasts.

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    Multa Nocte
    Community Member
    2 months ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Since she divorced him and married the King of England, I am surprised that this was allowed to remain in France and is at the Louvre and not the British Museum. Said from someone who lives in the Aquitaine currently.

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    Even though travel was elemetary compared to the modern age, a fair amount of diversity can still be found throughout medieval society.

    An analysis from 2019 used DNA from bones in a Black Death cemetery in London to reveal a more diverse city than previously thought. Research of 41 people revealed seven different places of origin, people of African ancestry, and people with dual white European and black African heritage.

    #10

    Illuminated Page From The Chronicon Pictum (1358)

    Illuminated medieval manuscript page featuring knights, a crowned figure, and intricate border designs for medieval history enthusiasts.

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    Multa Nocte
    Community Member
    2 months ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    "The Chronicon Pictum or Illuminated Chronicle (Hungarian: Képes Krónika, Slovak: Obrázková kronika, German: Ungarische Bilderchronik, also referred to as the Illustrated Chronicle, Chronica Hungarorum, Chronicon Hungarie Pictum, Chronica Picta or Chronica de Gestis Hungarorum) is a medieval illustrated chronicle from the Kingdom of Hungary from the 14th century. It represents the artistic style of the royal court of King Louis I of Hungary. The codex is a unique source of art, medieval and cultural history."

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    #11

    Why Does Movies And TV Shows Do This?

    Comparison of Viking appearances showing popular misconception versus historical accuracy for medieval history enthusiasts.

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    Multa Nocte
    Community Member
    2 months ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    It's the lovely smile that was missing. ;-)

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    #12

    This Diver Dude Just Found An 11thc Crusader Sword In The Sea Near Israel

    Man holding a barnacle-covered medieval sword by the rocky shore, reflecting medieval history enthusiasts' recent joy.

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    Scholars, artists and engineers were also active during the Middle Ages.

    During this time, they produced the first eyeglasses, figured out mechanical timekeeping, introduced the heavy plow, and moveable type—three inventions that would enable the Industrial Revolution and the Age of Enlightenment.

    The formation of guilds elevated artists from the peasantry into the rakns of coveted craftspeople, while everything from illuminated manuscripts to tapestry and sculpture thrived during the era.

    #13

    My Pencil Drawing Of Armor Belonging To Duke Maurice, Elector Of Saxony, Ca. 1545

    Detailed black and white drawing of medieval armor suit, highlighting craftsmanship for medieval history enthusiasts.

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    Multa Nocte
    Community Member
    2 months ago (edited) Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Interesting cro‍tc‍h-cover.

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    #14

    Ivory Book Cover (Late Carolingian)

    Medieval history carved ivory panel depicting scenes of daily life framed by floral medieval motifs.

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    Hugo
    Community Member
    2 months ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Whatever happened to their noses?

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    #15

    Reichskrone Was Amazing To See In Person

    Medieval history enthusiasts exploring an illuminated medieval crown with gold, precious stones, and pearls in a museum display.

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    Serena Myers
    Community Member
    2 months ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    The Imperial Crown of the Holy Roman Empire, Reich meaning kingdom or empire, and krone being evident. I bet that was heavy and extremely uncomfortable, I used to fuss when my mother made me wear a hat to Sunday church!

    #16

    My 15th Century Bronze Merchant Seal Ring Showing A Fleur De Lis

    Close-up of a medieval history enthusiast's hand wearing a dark metal ring with a fleur-de-lis symbol.

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    However, understanding of the world was limited. Among the non-European lands known to medieval people, India may have been the most important.

    "Europeans got most of their knowledge about the Indian subcontinent from the remnants of Greek learning, which had eroded over the centuries since the end of the classical period but survived in some Latin works," writes medieval literature scholar and critic Dr. Josephine Livingstone.

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    "The earthly paradise was reputed to exist in or near India, at the farthest eastern edge of the world. Stories about Alexander the Great were particularly popular, having been handed down from the classical period. Alexander, the leader of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia in the 4th century, famously travelled all the way to India in his pursuit of power and lands. Many manuscripts describe his battles and adventures with fabulous creatures."

    #17

    Medieval Crusader Seal Ring (C. 11th–13th Century)

    Medieval ring with cross design reflecting on black surface, representing medieval history enthusiasts' joy recently.

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    #18

    Pyxis From Umayyad Al-Andalus, 10th Century Ce

    Intricately carved medieval ivory container featuring birds and animals, a treasure for medieval history enthusiasts.

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    Multa Nocte
    Community Member
    2 months ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Comment from site that had this photo: "As far as I understand this is incredibly rare as Islam actually forbids picturing animals and humans. Hence, this together with the Lions and the on purpose hidden painted people inside the Al-Hambra are examples of unusual, non-normative luxuries of that time and place."

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    #19

    Surprisingly Accurate Elephant From The Workshop Bestriary From 1185

    Medieval manuscript illustration of an elephant wrapped by serpents, showcasing medieval history and art details.

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    #20

    Viterbo, One Of The Few Medieval City With Its Entire Defensive Wall Still Intact (Built Between 1095 And 1268)

    Medieval history enthusiasts explore tall stone fortress walls and towers on a sunny day with tree shadows nearby.

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    John Dilligaf
    Community Member
    2 months ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    In Italy, about 50 miles North of Rome. In case anyone was wondering.

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    Latin sources gave medieval writers and map-makers a variety of options to draw upon for describing regions of the world. These sources, which didn't always agree with each other, meant that new medieval writings blended easily into an already-varied culture.

    "Writers ... who drew on the works of Pliny the Elder encouraged the idea that Asia and Africa were very hot places full of monsters and strange people: people without noses, or with giant feet to shade them from the sun, or with dogs’ heads, for example," Livingstone explains.

    #21

    11th Century Ivory Reliquary From England

    Intricately carved medieval cross with detailed figures and symbols, appealing to medieval history enthusiasts.

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    #22

    An Anglo-Saxon Burh, The Trading Hubs Of England. By 1066 About 10% Of The English Population Lived In Burhs

    Illustration of a medieval walled village with houses, roads, and surrounding moat for medieval history enthusiasts.

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    Pferdchen
    Community Member
    2 months ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Probably a few less people lived in them after William the B**tard / Conqueror came through in 1066, especially in the north.

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    #23

    Margaret Mortimer And Her Son. Bristol Cathedral. Photo Taken With Permission, Its Out Of Bounds On A Normal Visit

    Medieval history enthusiasts' joy captured in detailed medieval knight and noble stone effigies in historic setting.

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    Serena Myers
    Community Member
    2 months ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Margaret Mortimer, Baroness Berkeley (2 May 1304 – 5 May 1337) was the wife of Thomas de Berkeley, 3rd Baron Berkeley. She was the eldest daughter of Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March, the de facto ruler of England from 1327 to 1330, and his wife Joan de Geneville, Baroness Geneville.[1] for further context. Courtesy of Wiki.

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    #24

    Portrait Of John The Fearless (B. 1371, D. 1419)

    Medieval history enthusiast portrait wearing a red cloak and black hat with fur details and ornate brooch.

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    sofacushionfort
    Community Member
    2 months ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Not afraid of the weasel wrapped around his neck

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    The Old English The Marvels of the East is one such text that draws on these ideas, as well as those found in a hotchpotch of other Latin sources. "Preserved in three manuscripts, including the book that contains Beowulf, this text describes and illustrates a vast range of strange and magical people and animals. Here you will find dragons, phoenixes and other familiar legendary creatures," Livingstone says.

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    "But it also features people who are described as having 'black' skin, alongside other wonderful people who sleep curled up in their own enormous ears. Medieval Europeans' view of people of different ethnicities was often bound up with wonder, fear and fiction."

    #25

    Early Medieval Art Style

    Medieval horse stirrup with decorative patterns, showcasing craftsmanship appreciated by medieval history enthusiasts.

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    Multa Nocte
    Community Member
    2 months ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Comment: "Pictured is a stirrup from Lednica lake, is there any particular name for the art style used to decorate this piece? I’ve seen similar decoration on the comb from Lednica lake as well as the axe from Lunow." Response: "Looks like a mix of early Slavic decorative tradition with Norse influence those stamped circles and geometric patterns are common in the Borre/Ringerike style (9th–11th c.) The fact you see it on combs, axes, and stirrups suggests a shared regional design language rather than just one off decoration. Basically, your horse kit, grooming tools, and weapons all carried the same protective motifs."

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    #26

    Municipal Palace Of Piacenza (1281-1290)

    Medieval brick building with arched windows and statue, attracting medieval history enthusiasts in a lively public square.

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    #27

    This Beautiful 14th-Century Palace, With Stunning Views, Is Now A Hotel. It Was The Palace Of King Pedro I, In Carmona

    Medieval history enthusiasts exploring an ancient stone fortress entrance under clear blue skies.

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    #28

    Tomb Of Philippe Pot, Taken By Me, (Circa 1480)

    Medieval history enthusiasts appreciate intricate hooded statues carrying a knight effigy in a historic museum setting.

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    Multa Nocte
    Community Member
    2 months ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    You were around in 1480 to take a pic of Philippe Pot?

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    #29

    This Is A Gros Tournois From The Reign Of Philip IV Le Bel Who Ruled From 1285-1314

    Close-up of a hand holding a detailed medieval coin, a treasure for medieval history enthusiasts and collectors.

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    Wat Tyler's Revenge
    Community Member
    2 months ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Philip the Fair was the king who forced the excommunication of the Templars, then stole everything he could from them and executed as many as he could find on Friday the 13th. Hardly fair.

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    #30

    Medieval Tavern In Real Life

    Medieval history enthusiasts dining room with candles, wooden tables, medieval banners, and a cozy historic atmosphere.

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    KatWitch57
    Community Member
    2 months ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    That's a really inaccurate modern day reconstruction for tourists.

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    #31

    John II Of Liechtenstein Helps King Wencelaus Escape From Captivity By His Step-Brother, King Sigismund

    Medieval history scene showing two men in period clothing near a castle wall, reflecting medieval history enthusiasts' interest.

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    hardrad2009
    Community Member
    2 months ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Meanwhile Henry of Skalitz did the main job in Bohemia)))

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    #32

    Fully Armored Knight And Horse 16th Century Armor Display

    Medieval history enthusiasts exhibit a fully armored knight on a horse in a museum display with detailed medieval armor.

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    #33

    Siege Of Mont-Saint-Michel 1424-1425

    Medieval history enthusiasts reenacting a battle scene with knights in armor, swords, and flags near a castle under stormy skies.

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    Multa Nocte
    Community Member
    2 months ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    "In the long run this siege lasted nearly 20 years as a target of the English, starting with the invasion of Normandy in 1417. But the most intense period was during its siege in 1424-1425, when hundreds of English troops (even thousands) were mobilized in the Cotentin Peninsula and towns as far as Rouen to surround it. Fortresses were built, one in a village and one on a nearby island. The siege lasted a year, resulting in a decisive French victory thanks to the help of the Bretons who betrayed the English."

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    #34

    14th Century Illuminated Illustration : Funeral Of Raymond Diocrès, From Les Tres Riches Heures

    Medieval manuscript illumination depicting religious scenes with monks, knights, and detailed medieval architecture and decoration.

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    Multa Nocte
    Community Member
    2 months ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    "Raymond Diocrès (died 1084) was a "Parisian university professor and canon" and the subject of a miracle. Diocrès is known for a miracle that took place at his funeral, which was depicted in several artistic works. The story goes that at his funeral Diocrès briefly returned to life, in order to swear to the assembly that God had judged and condemned his soul. One of his students, Bruno of Cologne, upon witnessing this miracle, decided to abandon civil life and become a monk, thus founding the Carthusian order. The funeral of Raymond Diocrès figures in illuminated scenes from the Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry. Painters such as Vincenzo Carducci, Gregorio Bausá, and Eustache Le Sueur also depicted scenes from Diocrès' life, especially those related to Bruno of Cologne."

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    #35

    An Umayyad Dirham From The Reign Of Hisham Ibn Abd Al-Malik, Minted At The Mesopotamian City Of Wasit In 740

    Close-up of a medieval coin with intricate Arabic inscriptions held between fingers for medieval history enthusiasts.

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    Multa Nocte
    Community Member
    2 months ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    This would be in Iraq, if you are not familiar with the area.

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    #36

    Ivory Triptych

    Carved medieval ivory triptych featuring religious figures, illustrating medieval history enthusiasts' interest in artifacts.

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    #37

    Bagrationi Royal House (888 A.d.-1810)

    Medieval history emblem featuring a crowned shield with lions and symbolic medieval motifs in a decorative wreath.

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    Multa Nocte
    Community Member
    2 months ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    "The Bagrationi dynasty is a royal dynasty which reigned in Georgia from the Middle Ages until the early 19th century, being among the oldest extant Christian ruling dynasties in the world. In modern usage, the name of the dynasty is sometimes Hellenized and referred to as the Georgian Bagratids, also known in English as the Bagrations."

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    #38

    So We're Just... Making Stuff Up?

    Medieval history meme showing a surprised character reacting to women having pockets and referencing witchcraft.

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    StPaul9
    Community Member
    2 months ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Not really buying it. The 'pocket' in the dress was a small bag or some such reached through a slit in the dress. The woman would subtly reach in and take out what she needed. Far easier to just carry a bag.

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    #39

    King Louis IX (The Saint) According To Muslim Chroniclers

    Medieval history scene with a crowned figure in armor surrounded by a crowd, illustrating medieval history enthusiasts' interests.

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    #40

    Siege Of Paris (1435 - 1436)

    Medieval knights in armor engaged in battle near a Gothic cathedral, sparking joy for medieval history enthusiasts.

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    Multa Nocte
    Community Member
    2 months ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    "The siege of Paris of 1435-36 took place during the decisive Lancastrian phase of the Hundred Years' War. The resurgent forces of Charles VII of France, having reversed the tide of the conflict, set their sights on capturing the capital, Paris, which had been controlled by forces loyal to Henry VI of England since 1420." "Charles VII finally entered Paris on 12 November 1437. He was taken aback by the condition of much of the city, having suffered from years of civil war and occupation. He permitted all Parisians who had fled to return, on condition that they pledge allegiance to him. After this siege, Paris would not be occupied by foreign troops for another 400 years, until the army of the Sixth Coalition defeated Napoleon's army at the Battle of Paris (1814)."

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    #41

    I Went To The Court Hunting, Riding, And Armory Collection About A Week Ago. Thought I’d Share

    Medieval history quilted arming cap displayed in a museum case with a red background and armor pieces nearby.

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    martin734
    Community Member
    2 months ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    This would have been worn under a visored helmet such as a bassinet. It is to protect against blows to the head. Although a helmet was good at protecting against sharp, pointed weapons and arrows, it did little to protect against blunt trauma. Similarly padded clothing was worn under mail and plate armour to provide protection against blows and chafing from the armour and to keep the wearer warm.

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