Everyone struggles with some subjects more than others, and it’s generally impossible to know everything about every topic. However, there are some fundamental things that you sort of expect people to at least have some understanding of. Basic biology is one such of those subjects. That being said, some nuances are quite subtle.
Inspired by Redditor u/fushaman, members of the TwoXChromosomes online group shared some of the most surprising facts about female reproduction that they know. Many of their insights are quite niche and specialized, so scroll down to learn something you (probably) didn’t know. Do you have any similar facts to share? Feel free to shed some light on the topic in the comments.
We reached out to the author of the viral discussion, u/fushaman, who was kind enough to answer our questions. You'll find Bored Panda's full interview with them below.

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A person can be pregnant without an embryo.
As in, the body will be preparing to support a fertilized egg: all the hormones, an amniotic sac, forming a placenta...but the amniotic sac can turn out to be empty because the egg doesn't develop.
This is why abortion is healthcare. It is always the termination of a pregnancy in the body of a person. It doesn't always involve a potential future life, but it often is the only thing that can save an actual existing life.
Yet I can hear someone misunderstanding this and saying it's like killing Jesus... A virgin birth thing?!
Load More Replies...I nearly bled to death because of this. Full hormones, morning sickness, round belly. The sack is empty but your body doesn't acknowledge that and it continues to grow until a critical size, then when you miscarriage naturally it's blocked and your body contracts and bleeds, bleeds and contracts.
Same. It was ruthlessly painful however I did not naturally miscarry. Mine had to be induced. Terrible. As bad as actual labor imo.
Load More Replies...Happened to a friend recently, neither of us had ever heard of this before. It was an awful experience for her, can't even imagine what it would be like for someone living where abortions are banned. Education about female healthcare is necessary, and access to female healthcare is necessary!
I had one of those. Had a natural miscarriage at week 9. Had full blown pregnancy symptoms. Luckily didn't need D&C.
A molar pregnancy is not a viable pregnancy. Abortion is done on viable pregnancies. A molar pregnancy is not a true pregnancy, it is considered a cancer. A pregnancy outside the womb is alsno not a viable pregnancy (the mom will die of complications). A pregnancy due to r**e is a viable pregnancy, but a life set up for failure (life is 10-0.behind without a loving family). Aborting a viable pregnancy for gender selection, as a coping mechanism repeatedly, up till birth of a baby that can survive outside the womb, using foetal tissue for research however is the dining of a viable pregnancy. Although something is ro be said for women so broken they will repeatedly abort a pregnancy they deliberately chose to have. Most pregnancies are wanted, freedom to abort should also be protected, but clearly many aren't capable of keeping away from the extremes. So rules are needed. Messing with language puts you on the side of the people unable to contain themselves.
It's not "Abortion" if there is no fetus.... You have to abort a fetus for it to be an Abortion... The process is similar but not the same
Thanks to that crazy orange guy in the White House are many lives at stake!
Bored Panda wanted to get the author's thoughts on what could be done to help people who struggle with topics such as basic biology, as well as how someone might go about learning more about reproduction if they feel embarrassed to ask questions. Redditor u/fushaman was happy to share their perspective.
"Part of me wonders if perhaps we need more 'practical' classes in schools. When I was at school we had PSHE [personal, social, health, and economic education], but to be honest it was pretty rubbish. It was a 'doss' lesson—one where you do nothing," they shared.
"I think schools should incorporate more practical life lessons: how to do taxes, how to cook basic healthy meals, and likely health problems that will affect them. For women, it should be a safe place to discuss the things that people never tell us about. For example, labia shrinking, HG [hyperemesis gravidarum]—the severe vomiting that can happen during pregnancy—or that 1/5 women have a tilted uterus, which can cause worrying pain/discomfort when anything gets inserted."
That the medical pictures of your womb aren’t physically accurate.
As opposed to the head of satan looking on on the left? Lol
Load More Replies...A normal heathy non-pregnant uterus is typically around the size of a clenched fist. It is hard to appreciate just how amazingly elastic it is.
Mine is the size of a awalnut - and that wasn't why I got a sterilisation in the end...
Load More Replies...Because its easier to see and explain the different parts in the spread out version. It has nothing to do with being sensitive
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While we luckily raise more and more awareness about endometriosis, there is something else that can cause similar symptoms: if your ovaries love to produce a lot of cysts it can lead to inflammation and the forming of scar tissue.
This s**t can grow all around your Pelvic and belly. I complained for years about excruciating pain and was always turned away. So, I had a whole cluster f**k of extensive scar tissue gluing my reproductive systems to my intestines, bladder and upper belly cover.
I suffered from digestive issues because food couldn't pass properly. My periods were extra horrible because my uterus would literally pull everything down everything it acted up.
I had surgery to have a hysterectomy concerning other issues and also had a lot of the scar tissue removed. I can finally eat normally again without fearing to throw up or have to s**t from the most mundane dishes.
My uterus is currently glued to my bowels with endometrial tissue. Thankfully I found a med that keeps it in check, but at one point I was scheduled for a hysterectomy. When I bleed there's literally no painkiller that can touch the agony I'm in. I just learned to live with it. Thanks to the makers of Slynd for changing my life!!
Birth control cause me a ton of cysts. When I got a hysterectomy they found out part of my left fallopian tube was adhered to my bowel. It’s NOT endometriosis it’s from the cysts. And it never once showed on any of the ultrasounds. Cysts are so frequently ignored unless they rupture and cause other health issues it’s ridiculous
Had an ectopic pregnancy which burst my Fallopian tube. Emergency surgery saved me but created adhesions EVERYWHERE the surgeon touched while repairing the internal damage. 9 months later, I conceived again. Through the entire pregnancy those adhesions stretched and ripped loose as the baby grew. It was agony.
My 15 year old daughter has just been diagnosed with Polycystic ovary syndrome, it's horrible for her
I was diagnosed with that when I was 20. She's got a hard road ahead of her. I was devastated when I found out, mostly because the doctor said I'd never have a baby. I proved him wrong.
Load More Replies...According to u/fushaman, there should be similar lessons "for guys, too, and intersex people, and trans people."
"But I do think the physical health concerns need to be raised in an impartial way to make sure people are aware of the potential problems they'll face. Forewarned is forearmed, after all."
We were also curious about what inspired u/fushaman to start the online discussion in the first place. "I was inspired by a post by another user who was venting about the TikTok ban," they said.
"She'd been using it to get information on women's reproductive health, knowledge that she was struggling to find elsewhere, and she was disappointed that her access was being halted. I figured, why not have a place here where everyone could see it and add to it?"
No reproductives organs but still relevant.
Women have longer colons and small intestines. In addition women have a slower stomach emptying. All in all that means our disgestion time is longer than men and we absorb more nutrients from our food. It is believed this is to help support pregnancy and breastfeeding.
It also means that women also are more prone to constipation
Load More Replies...This makes so much sense out of the differences I have noticed over the years in my household bathroom behaviors.. I love learning new things!
A female body is VERY different to a male body. Not only genitalia and hormones, but EVERYTHING. This is why I can't stand all that "trans" stuff
Trans people have been around longer than you and your s****y opinions have existed, so shut the f**k up
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Our eggs are produced while we are in our mother's womb.
The egg that was to become us was produced in our grandma's womb.
I was talking about this with a friend who works in maternity care. They said they always hoped that expecting mothers that could not quit using alcohol or d***s during pregnancy would have sons. If the baby is a girl, not only would the substance abuse affect this unborn child, but also her future children.
Multiple generations of men could still be affected, not only by genetic damage but by genetic inheritance, including more likely to experience addiction. If either parent went on an extreme diet or starved in a famine and had children their daughters and sons for several gerations could be affected because starvation genes are turned on in sperm and eggs and passed on. The children and grand children put on weight more easily. Sauce - Dutch Hunger Winter research.
Load More Replies...Thats not entirely true, we've found that eggs are still developing after birth
I have a few! I love these kinds of facts :)
1. The ends of the fallopian tubes are open, so when you cramp hard sometimes blood can backwash into your abdomen - it's okay, your immune system deals with the blood and cleans it up, but that's also how ectopic pregnancies in the abdomen can happen
2. When an egg releases from the ovary, it isn't attracted to the fallopian tube, the fallopian tube is attracted to the egg - the egg releases a chemical and the open end of the fallopian tube is attracted to it. This is why if you've had a fallopian tube removed, your fertility doesn't cut in half, the other side's fallopian tube can noo-noo itself around to the opposite ovary to collect that egg! Madness
3. When an egg is fertilised and it implants, it takes a little while for the placenta to form and begin nourishing the fertilised egg. The egg still needs energy in order to divide and develop, so the uterus secretes what is called 'uterine milk' to sustain the egg until the blood supply comes in (and I believe continues to support alongside the placenta).
I'm now imagining a fallopian tube making Noo-noo's noises and just kind of going about the place trying to find eggs to suck up
“Noo-noo… Noo-noo!” and the rhythm of the Jaws theme song!
Load More Replies...These are 3 facts I didn't actually know! Especially the moving tubes, wow
Can anyone suggest a reputable source to learn more about moving tubes?
Load More Replies...#2 blew my mind, having survived ectopic pregnancy and losing a tube. What a mental image of noo-nooing!
A major issue that continues to plague modern society is s*x inequality in medical research. Though there’s been some progress, it’s a problem that has massive impacts on female health on a global scale.
“Historically, medical studies have excluded female participants and research data have been collected from males and generalized to females. The gender gap in medical research, alongside overarching misogyny, results in real-life disadvantages for female patients,” one recent report notes.
The results? “Females remain broadly under-represented in the medical literature, s*x and gender are poorly reported and inadequately analyzed in research, and misogynistic perceptions continue to permeate the narrative.”
You can sometimes feel yourself ovulate. It's a small, sharp cramp on either side (likely alternates each cycle) of your lower abdomen that can last a few minutes to an hour. I'm fortunate to never get uterine cramps during shedding, but I've gotten these seemingly random sharp pains in the general area outside the week of my period, and I never realized what they were until I started really hand tracking my cycle on a calendar. I was meant to be ovulating sometime in the next few days and suddenly the cramp started and it hit me. I Googled it to confirm and sure enough! Some women cramp when they ovulate!
Yep, I used to suffer from this. Wouldn't have called the pain small or sharp mind you, debilitating and overwhelming in my case! Thankfully the contraceptive pill was eventually prescribed and that helped a *lot*.
I have very sensitive fallopian tubes apparently because I often also experience a sort of ticklish itchiness after ovulation. Also good lord does having extra estrogen in your system make ovulation and periods both hurt way more...
My halfway cramps were worse than my period cramps. Post menopausal and glad that 💩 is behind me.
Only started having this pain after my pregnancy and c-section. I still wonder why
Because of scar tissue left by c section. Scars are not elastic, so it hurts when surrounding tissues are elongated which happens every time the ovary released a fertile egg... Or uterus releases the menstrual blood.
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1 in 10 women have endometriosis and it’s is extremely understudied, many gyno’s will tell patients the wrong information. It cannot be cured. It can only be diagnosed during surgery. Scans can only sometimes identify endo and are largely unreliable. Pain and severity of disease do not always correlate. Excision surgery by a specialist is the gold standard treatment option, and often need reoccurring surgeries. Pregnancy does not cure it. Hysterectomy is not a cure. Endo makes its own estrogen, feeds off of estrogen, and can “glue” your organs together in moderate to severe cases like mine. Deep infiltrating endo can cause bowel perforation or other serious medical emergencies. Yet it is not taken seriously.
Yup, I have endometriosis, symptoms were persistent vomiting and severe pain. Multiple tests including, x-rays, catscan, ultrasound, MRI, etc.... all inconclusive. Only surgery to remove a section of swollen and ulcerated intestines (caused by the endometriosis) diagnosed it.
My uterus is currently "glued" to my bowels with the stupid junk. I've had it removed but it always comes back. I finally found a med that works for me, but I spent most of my life in extreme pain. Numerous doctors dismissed me as just being dramatic.
And so: the cause(s) of endometriosis remain unknown, there is no cure, and there is no way to prevent it. I didn't know about the 1-in-10 stat though.
That’s why when my surgeon did my hysterectomy she put me on estrogen blocking d***s for a period of time, because it looked to her like it. I had endometriosis when she did the surgery.
Some theories relate endometriosis to people who hate being females. Like continuos self hating thoughts cause body to destroy itself.
Load More Replies...And BTW, many things that are happening inside our bodies can be diagnosed with 100% accuracy only by seeing it live - meaning surgery. It's OK, nothing to be worried about. Medicine developed tools and methods of diagnosis precisely for that purpose - to get as close to the 100% as possible without cutting us open. And patients get treated based on that all the time. It doesn't necessarily mean doctors don't know what they're doing or treat patients based on a "hunch". It's just how medicine works and it's the best system we have. Obviously, there are situations and illnesses that make it especially hard to diagnose correctly without exploratory surgery, but it happens quite rarely. So, while endometriosis can be diagnosed with 100% accuracy only in surgery, it can still be diagnosed correctly without it - by the trained and experienced medical staff.
That, unlike other mammals, the human placenta gets *arterial* blood. The fetus gets the oxygen we breathe before we do.
It’s part of what makes us so susceptible to hemorrhage and preeclampsia. And it’s so much harder for humans to miscarry, because we can’t just shunt off our own arteries.
Brain development is just very oxygen hungry. We give birth at the time that the baby’s oxygen needs outstrip our ability to breathe for them and ourselves at the same time. It’s not really hip width!! The hip width thing is mostly a male-gaze reading of the birthing process.
It also allows people to act as if what’s dangerous about childbirth is the birth canal issue. It’s not! Human pregnancy is dangerous because our bodies are literally playing a kind of oxygen-chicken. Cesarean section doesn’t change this fundamental fact.
"That, unlike other mammals, the human placenta gets *arterial* blood. The fetus gets the oxygen we breathe before we do." This makes no sense from a biology point. The arterial blood is not just transported through one blood vessel that needs to choose between the baby or the mom. The aorta divides the blood over every organ.
I had preeclampsia with my son and that's why he is an only child.
Same, Ginger! Had an important hemorrage, on top of all the rest (acute kidney failure, liver failure, neurological signs...). Never again, thanks.
Load More Replies...Aye but at least at that stage the creature doesn't require any conscious input. At the early newborn stage, it still felt like having a parasite (they have to eat super regularly and it's very draining), but with a parasite that could yell at you! Once they can smile and make sweeter noises, it feels much nicer.
Load More Replies...I'm confused what hip width has to do with oxygen. I read it twice and don't get it
They talk about why human fetuses are born that early in developement compared to other mammals, people think this is because we walk (i .e. narrower birth canal) and OP says that's because of oxygen needs.
Load More Replies...That's not entirely accurate. I had an emergency C section because while I have wide hips (🙄) I have a very narrow birth canal and my son was stuck in it. They literally had to shake him back and forth to remove him and his skull was a complete cone shape at birth because of it.
I remember an episode of ER that showed a woman waking up early one morning from going into labor. She tries to wake up her husband and her kids, but can't, they're unconscious from carbon monoxyde poisoning, there's a leak and she's the only one not "affected" because her baby absorbed the gas instead of her. She has to call ambulances for everyone including herself. That would be such a scary situation to find yourself in!
Dr. Hadine Joffe, executive director of the Mary Horrigan Connors Center for Women’s Health and Gender Biology at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, told Time magazine that there has been “major progress on s*x-informed research” within the past decade. However, “it’s a mixed story because there’s still such a long way to go.”
Meanwhile, Dr. Jecca Steinberg, from Northwestern University Medical School in Chicago, said that women are still under-represented in research. “Female representation isn’t proportionate to the burden of disease in many clinical trials,” she said.
There have been some bright spots in recent years, however. “I think the pharmaceutical industry is more cautious now to look in drug trials at the biological impact in males and females,” Dr. Marianne J. Legato, the founder and director of the Foundation for Gender Specific Medicine, said. According to her, between 1997 and 2000, 8 of the 10 d***s removed from the market had greater risks for women. Time notes that women experience adverse reactions to d***s nearly twice as frequently as men do.
The clitoris was not fully anatomically described or mapped until the year 2005 when Dr Helen O’Connell MRI’d and cross sectioned human clitori/clitoruses.
Raise awareness, talk about it, make it natural to understand. That way we will all have a better understanding and more fun
If you only have one fallopian tube it'll just move back and forth to each ovary and do the work of both.
Correct! My left one exploded due to an ectopic pregnancy. Worst pain in my life so far.
I had ruptured ectopic twice, both times on my left side. Yes the pain is excruciating.
Load More Replies...My mother-in-law had an ectopic pregnancy after my husband (her second pregnancy) almost died but went on to have 4 more successful births with only one fallopian tube.
Unfortunately I lost the tube and the ovary when my ectopic ruptured. I still went on to have two healthy babies after that.
that's good! I'm happy for you (the babies, not the ectopic)
Load More Replies...Well, thanks BP for sharing this information. Please reduce your dependence on skinny models for everything.
All babies are essentially female by default. Only when the Y-chromosome starts producing male hormones do male characteristics form. What would otherwise be ovaries descend to become testes. What would otherwise be a clitoris becomes a p***s.
Your reminder that, as the conservatives in the United States insist that life begins at conception and that we are all the sex we were at conception, which means that the Republican Party has literally declared—although they're too stupid to realize this—that everyone is female and will always be female.
Interesting to think about, if someone is trans I wonder if it's because of how the Y-chromosome develops and produces hormones. (No shame meant what so ever! Just scientific curiosity) To bad the evil orange turd and his husband, Elon, just slashed scientific research funding.
There's no concrete information on the cause of being transgender. It doesn't seem to have an easy indicator, like a universal genetic or hormonal trait. The only thing we can figure out is that those who are transgender are better off if they aren't forced to present as the gender they were assigned at birth.
Load More Replies...This is what makes the Cheeto's bill about being the gender you are at conception so much more amusing, because of this right here!!
Didn't a prior one say that you have eggs at the beginning if you are female? so I have eggs in my testicles?
And a lot can go wrong with that! What if your Y chromosome is damaged and doesn't work properly? You are XY but will be to all intends and purposes, a woman. What if it produces the hormones, but the receptors don't work? ditto. This is why every terf claiming that XY makes you a man just shows their weaponised stupidity.
What were your school biology, health, and reproduction lessons like back when you were students, dear Pandas? Do you think that you were taught enough or did you have to do your own research? What knowledge gaps do you feel you could do more to fill but might not have enough time? Let us know in the comments.
The uterus is normally about 70g (2.5oz) and the size of your fist. At the end of pregnancy it is 1.5kg (3.3lb) of muscle. Then afterwards it goes back to its normal 70g. It's amazing!
So many people need to learn this and stop degrading women for being "loose" just because she's had kids.
...some people need to learn, apparently, that the uterus has nothing to do with sex; the penis never enters it. The vagina stretching/shrinking is entirely unrelated to the uterus.
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Your ovaries can twist. If you experience sudden and intense abdominal pain, go to the hospital. Ovarian torsion is no joke.
I've had it and it was horrendous. I had no idea I even had an ovarian cyst, until it grew so much it caused torsion. Thank goodness my dad called an ambulance when he did, because I would have tried to tough it out (I thought to start with it was just bad period cramps, even though it was worse than I ever had before) and then I might have lost the ovary.
Worst case scenario is death (usually due to late discovery. If you think you have this seek advice immediately.
Every third woman and every second that gave birth vaginally will deal with pelvic organ prolapse at some point of her life yet no one teaches us how to breathe, lift, exercise, poop, give birth in a way that protects the pelvic floor and minimises the damage that causes POP.
And it's horridly painful, embarrassing and causes life long issues after the fact.
In Germany and France, we have mandatory pelvic floor re-education classes after birth (free, of course) to address precisely these issues. Personally, I was glad I had two C-sections. They were tough in a different way, but at least I have had no lasting side effects. Most of my friends think I'm barmy that I love to skip rope still to keep fit, or bounce on a trampoline with my kids.
I had a physiotherapist come and tell me a bit about that stuff after I’d given birth but I was too overwhelmed that nothing really sank in.
Kegels ladies. My gyno/ob for my first kid taught me about kegels. Three kids, still no bladder issues or prolapse, even at 57 now.
I don't know why someone downvoted you. You are right- many of these issues are preventable through exercise. The trouble is that many of us aren't taught properly how to do kegels and end up squeezing the wrong thing (lower abs). Luckily there are more helpful resources than ever out there, plus even some tools like insertion devices that can give feedback, or electronic pulse machines to strengthen the muscles.
Load More Replies...Had a hysterectomy at 30 because of uterine prolapse from delivering 2 8.5# babies vaginally. My gyno told me I could have more babies but the thought of having a baby with two toddlers and a potential hysterectomy just didn’t make sense. We decided that our family was healthy and complete and the gyno didn’t really need a swimming pool at our expense.
And still vaginal birth is romanticized. It's pure misogyny. Cesarian is far less damaging for the overall quality of life.
Cesarian comes with plenty of potentially dangerous and painful side effects. It is also in no way a guarantee of a healthy pelvic floor. Pregnancy itself stresses the pelvic floor and c-section damages the abdominal muscles the pelvic floor muscles attach to.
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Haven’t seen anyone say it yet, but there are stem cells in menstrual blood! They’re the same kind that are produced in your bones. Wild.
also, as some women won't know. this is a menstrual cup. they are a game changer.
I would have loved to have tried one of these! Too late now
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The placenta is the only temporary organ. It is amazing.
There are multiple different types of ovarian cysts. Mine happened to be a large fatty one that grew hair. It can also grow teeth and brain cells. Talk about thinking with your genitals!
It's called a dermoid teratoma for anyone interested.
Been there, alas done that, had 'em removed (17 altogether, 10 or so around one ovary, 2 on the other and the rest 'dotted' around my uterus). They thought I had one large one, nope, 17 small so laprascopic surgery became real surgery and many days in hospital to recover. On the other hand, the painful ovarian cramps stopped.
My sister and niece have had multiple teratomas, hair, teeth, and all
PMDD is a real thing. It's now officially recognized as a medical condition, as opposed to overreacting, poor self-control, hysterics, psychosomatic pain, and the psychological disorders it used to be classed as.
28% of PMDD sufferers attempt s****de by age 30.
It's NOT just you. You are NOT imagining it. Look it up.
Practitioners who treat it are few and far between, but they do exist. Go outside your health plan's provider list if you must.
It's worth it. The world needs you.
PMDD is basically REALLY bad PMS. I'm oversimplifying, but it's absolutely no joke.
I had this and it ruined my life!! Every 21 days ( I had a short cycle ) terrible menstrual pain that went down my ( skinny ) legs could barely walk or get out of bed for 5 days then I felt fine for about a week before another week of depression and swollen painful breasts that even A shirt would be t*****e! Then back to painful sometimes excruciating painful period. Ironically after 40 and especially after 50 my periods got shorter 3 days and less painful and less depression. After menopause I was great. However, something monstrous happened in my life and I could not enjoy it or ' come into my own' as they say.
Load More Replies...Suffered from this so many years-first now, at 50+, it is recognised... too late for me!
I know, i have PMDD and after my ovarys were removed and i started hrt, i am finaly fine. Bet when i hear that a famous Dutch academic hospital keeps telling its just bad PMS and that women just wanted to give t a diferent name, i get angry. Its not PMS, its of a completly diferent order.
Thank for saying that!! It was thought 'emotional illness' or character flaw!! (Malingering) I am so mad! My life was ruined nobody helped me!!!
Load More Replies...I have this. Diagnosed about 7 years ago. Have been on citalopram since and haven't had a horrible spiral since then. I have had I guess mini spirals but they're not nearly as bad as they used to be.
I had it for over 30 years after trying The pil. During peri menopause i went through hell, totaly lost it. At age 48, my ovarys were removed and stik happy with that at age 55, with bio hrt to keep me healthy in all kinds of ways.
Pretty sure my Nexplanon implant gave me 24/7 PMDD, my mental health is 1000X better since having it removed.
What the hell is pdmmm or whatever? Is it THAT DIFFICULT TO WRITE?????
Might be common knowledge, but it surprised me when I learned - the average clitoris is something like 3.5 to 4 inches long, just most of it is internal so you don't realise it.
😆😆😆 and probably in more ways than one! (If we wanna)
Load More Replies...It's shaped like a wishbone too. The visible clitoris is the middle part, and it has two "wings" that come down either side of the opening of the vagina. So most pleasure from penetrative sex is actually from the stimulation of the internal clitoris.
Most of it is in fact embedded into the body. It gets hard when aroused, just like the male homologue, the penis! There's a procedure called a phalloplasty that some transmascs get to free it and convert it into a neopenis.
I saw a picture of a cast of a trans mans clitoris after hormone treatment. it REALLY is like a mini peen. quite fascinating. I knew the hormones made it grow, but I didn't realise it was THAT much.
I learned recently that estrogen plays a role in temperature regulation in women. That's part of what causes hot flashes during menopause.
Also during pregnancy. Can also cause extreme cold flashes during either of those periods, too.
Dude I wish I would get some cold flashes for a change!
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Atrophy, GSM (genitourinary syndrome of menopause) or VVM (vulvovaginal ateophy)- thinning, dryness and inflammation, pretty common issue and also pretty commonly underdiagnosed and treated. Can cause discomfort, itching, burning and painful s*x. Also, recurrent UTIs. There is treatment-topical estrogen/creams, HRT. Starting menopause and all the weird - talk to your doctors!
If you have hypertension a doctor will not prescribe HRT for you, no matter how bad your menopause symptoms. I became suicidal and suffered all sorts of horrible effects of menopause in my late 30s and early 40s. The doctor didn't even believe that I was starting menopause because I was too young in his mind. I insisted on a blood test that showed exactly what I had told him was happening.
The lubrication during arousal doesn't come from the cervix or deep in the v****a, it comes from Bartholin's glands, which are close to the entrance.
Vaginal discharge is basically your body’s way of self-cleaning. It’s like a built-in maintenance system, and it changes throughout your cycle depending on hormones.
Can vouch for how they differ. Due to the horrible skin graft they put over mine, the discharge leaks out the gaps between my vulva and legs. During the menstruation and especially the follicular phase, the discharge is caustic and causes my skin in that area to break out.
Or according to the list of most unhinged dating posts, it means you are definitely cheating. (Sarcasm obviously)
They can be WEIRD, too. Not gonna overshare but the dramatic swing changes in amount, color, consistency, even smell is bonkers.
Not to mention bleaching a patch on your underwear 😳
Load More Replies...also, it's PERFECTLY NORMAL if it bleaches your underwear. it doesn't mean there's something wrong with you.
Ovarian cancer starts in the tubes! Best to get those pesky fools removed! (I'm getting mine done in March. So excited!).
And here they key word is "removed". Not tied. Also hard to get that done as most just wants ro tie it for you
Menopause appears to be a rare trait in the animal kingdom. It has only been documented in humans, certain species of whales, and one specific community of wild chimps.
Scientists theorize a “grandmother hypothesis”, believing that females stop reproducing to be leaders and pass on wisdom. It has also been part of the theory that females might enter menopause to help care for their grandchildren. But in the chimp community where menopause was observed, grandmothers never meet their grandchildren. Their daughters leave the group before they ever have offspring.
I wonder if it has more to do with resources and species numbers. A way for us to biologically make sure that we don't over breed our area knowing how many resources we use
"their daughters leave the group before they ever have offspring" is becoming a trait in the human kingdom as well due to toxic grandparents
I wonder if the grandma chimps help raise other babies in the colony. It doesn’t matter if they’re directly blood-related if they’re still helping raise the bebees.
I think when our reproductive funktion stops, weiose out meaning, biological. In nature you see that after reproduction the animal, or flower just dies. I think its that simpel, we just don't want to know this.
Every organism fills a niche in its environment whether it reproduces or not. And social species rely heavily on members without offspring to help protect and provide for the group as a whole. That suggests meaning beyond reproduction.
Load More Replies...Well, now I get to criticize the scientists (and everyone who echoes this dumb theory).. Isn't it OBVIOUS that if we kept trying to give birth until we're 60 we wouldn't be able to bring up the ones we had at 56 ? Grandmothers are extra. It's the LIFE OF THE MOTHER that counts. You're welcome.
Ok, so animals that have long childhood outlive their fertile age. Like child-bearing is over, now plenty of time for child-rearing. Second, what do you mean the grandmothers never meet their grandchildren? The males also leave the parental group?
The position of the cervix changes throughout the month, it’s normally low and open during menses and high and closed in the luteal phase just beforehand.
You know nothing about the person in this picture. Having issues with your weight can come in all different sizes colors and shapes.. but none of it feels good if you ain’t confident with it. It sounds like you need to work on yourself..
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Our bodies go through a sort of second puberty around age 25 that causes our bodies to change in a way that will benefit pregnancy. Increased mass in the hip area, larger breasts, increased fertility, and subsequently periods worsening.
They got better for me, but that could have been because my health improved overall
Load More Replies...This being the case then those religious idiots, worldwide and not just christian, and other nutbags need to lay off this idea that women are past their prime at that age and need to be having children in their mid teens.
Funnily enough, if you get diagnosed with borderline personality disorder, you're told "it gets better after 30" bc of that hormonal change (which you're not told about) that happens between, lets say 27-30. For me it was at age 28, and it changed my life so much for the better.
That would explai why mine changed so much after 25. I was always very irregular and suddenly it became very punctual.
Ovulation and menstruation are two different things. You can have one without the other. You can actually skip a period and still ovulate. One is done by the uterus and one is done by the ovaries, and they don’t always work together but it’s nice when they do.
My doctor was baffled that I got pregnant two weeks after a miscarriage. He had to believe because the miscarriage was confirmed by the I hospital attended and my scan showed how pregnant I was. As pregnancy is counted from the last period (usually two weeks before ovulation) I was technically pregnant for 47 weeks!
May happen oppositely. Usually the firts few periods of a girl are 'sterile', they happen w/o ovulation.
While true, it's a dangerous thing to put online (in my mind)... I'd worry that some teenagers might interpret it as "you can't get pregnant with your first or second period" 😬 Some already think that 😶
Load More Replies...Oh it's fun when they desynchronize. More than a few women have had pregnancy scares from that!
I've heard of women with Prolactinoma, not having a period in years, suddenly become pregnant.
While you can skip a period and still ovulate, and you can have what seems like "a period" but isn't actually a true period, if you do ovulate you either get a period about 2 weeks later or else you're pregnant.
Milk ducts are modified sweat glands.
Breastfeeding is associated with a decreased risk of breast cancer. Probably most of us have heard that. Animals like dairy cows have basically no risk of breast cancer because they spend their lives producing milk. But, you might have heard somebody try to claim that abortion causes breast cancer (it doesn't, btw). Anyway, that stupid argument comes from the above fact. As in, they're trying to say that if a pregnant person does not abort and instead carries their child to term AND breastfeeds for two years, then that person will have a much reduced chance of breast cancer. Which is partly true but not the same at all as abortion causing breast cancer. But they've been running with that one for years.
The key word here is "decreased". Woman sometimes are denied mammograms when breatfeeding due to doctors thinking no cancer can develop during it. It can and you should have your mammo. I had to fight hard for that and missed 8 years of mammo. Luckily ok.
I'm glad all turned out well for you. I had a mammogram due to a lump - a benign cyst - when I was breastfeeding - milk everywhere😂
Load More Replies...One of my sisters had two babies and breastfed the first 6 months, and other sister had no kids, and both got breast cancer (not BRCA) in their late 40s.
Not directly organ related, but chainsaws were invented to assist with childbirth.
Pelvis, actually. They would literally chainsaw the pelvis apart to assist in childbirth.
Load More Replies...I am really going to hope this is an urban myth. How could someone survive this?? Baby and mother would likely die! This is terrifying
Mother died. But she could have died anyway. But this might have saved the baby. It's also hand cracked, like those old fashion whisks. Childbirth was and still is terrifying. Obviously much worse then, but hardly a walk in the park now.
Load More Replies... Contrary to popular belief:
You still ovulate and menstruate if you get a tubal ligation. The ovum is reabsorbed and the menstrual bleeding is sourced from the lining of the uterus, so tying tubes does nothing to stop them from happening.
A hysterectomy only removes the uterus and maybe the cervix. You don’t go into early menopause unless you get an oophorectomy, removing your ovaries.
You still have your vagina after a hysterectomy, Jesus f**k people I hate having to field this question.
If you are on the combined oral contraceptive you do _not_ need to bleed. It’s not a real period, and it’s not necessary, so spare yourself the trouble and ask your doctor if you can get on continuous birth control and skip the placebo week.
What idiot thinks you don't have a vagina anymore after a hysterectomy??? No offense to anyone ignorant of this but geez I didn't even think that was a question. Wonders never cease
Considering that an alarming number of both men and women think that the vagina is also the urethra, I cannot say I'm surprised...
Load More Replies...I had a friend who was studying medicine try to tell another friend it was dangerous not to take the sugar pills for the fake period, at least every two months. I lost touch with her, so I don't know how she went with her medical degree, but I know she wanted to become a psychiatrist and for many reasons I didn't think her patients would be glad to have her as their doctor.
When you hit menopause/perimenopause, you can get genital acne.
Yay.
It is supposed to be normal, but it's very annoying.
If you scratch inside your bellybutton quite hard, you may feel a strange pain or sensation near your genitals. It's the remains of the vestigial nerve connection between the umbilical chord and other organs, which existed when you were in your mother's womb .
That's why I won't let anyone else touch my belly button! I've mentally blocked out most of that sensation when I do it, but goddamn if it doesn't hit hardcore when someone else touches there...
When I was about 4, I told my little sister (1.5 years younger) that the only way to do a wee was to press your belly button. She believed me for years!
I have always worried and wondered about that
Load More Replies...It's not a closed system. The fallopian tubes are not connected to the ovaries. They catch the eggs that are explosively ejected, and we just hope for the best.
During childbirth, we often focus only on dilation (the opening of the cervix),but effacement (shortening of the cervix) is just as important: the cervix must be fully effaced before it can fully dilate.
Your ovaries move around. I once had to have an ultrasound with a full bladder and they couldn’t find one of them for like 15 or 20 minutes. It was excruciating and I nearly peed myself.
I've had this too! Then they saw on the ultrasound that my bladder was very full and let me waddle out (I was pregnant)!
I drank more than the recommendation before an ultrasound and after waiting for more than 15 minutes after the appointment time, I had to ask the receptionist how long it would be because I really needed to pee. Then, they found the first ovary easily but the second was hiding behind the bladder or something.
I'm currently pregnant. Both in this pregnancy and my previous one I noticed a lot of rib pain on just my right side. When I talked to my midwife about that she said that makes sense because the right side of the pregnant womb is more curved and soft while the left side is more straight and firm. It's not a perfectly symmetrical oval as shown in many science textbooks.
Thankfully the pain has gone away in the third trimester as that good ole relaxin hormone kicked in.
It’s possible for some women to orgasm from an intense core workout!
I passed out when pregnant while laying in my back, I pressed the wrong nerve apparently.
Also the weight/size of the baby, amniotic fluid, and uterus (etc...) can compress the aorta resulting in decreased blood flow and oxygen.
I could not lie on my back at all when pregnant (I know it's not recommended to lie on anything but your left side); I would be dizzy within seconds.
I learned recently (if any doctors are around, please confirm) that the length of your cycle depends only on when ovulation occurs, because the time between ovulation and your period never changes. So if your period is late, it means that your ovulation was late (from stress at the beginning of your cycle for instance, or due to other syndromes that can delay ovulation).
Ususally but not always. When you monitor your ovulations fr fertility reasons you may find it differs.
Usually between the ovulation and the onset of menses, 13-15 days pass. From the onset of the cycle and ovulation, anything between 8 and 21 days are considered normal.
And tan there are people with a corpus-luteum weakness and a second "half" of the cycke lower than 10 days
Load More Replies...If you have a connective tissue disorder like ehlers danlos syndrome, you have a higher rate of ovarian cysts happening in your right ovary.
I found out the uterus supplies about half the blood to the ovaries. So even if you keep the ovaries they will still shrink and put you into perimenopause and it menopause.
I was 65+ when I learned that one month an egg is released from the right ovary and the next month from the left ovary.
It's not always that consistent. Especially if one of your ovaries is damaged, non-functional or missing, obviously.
When un-aroused the average vagina is about 4 inches deep, while in an aroused state the average vagina deepens to about 7 inches the clitoris also becomes erect as well as the labia minora.
The cervix changes colors during pregnancy ( the labia can also change color during pregnancy)
I have recently developed a sad fear of loosing my labia minora during menopause u.u.
Skin is semitranslucent by nature. Any fluid running heavily though the system (blood, bile, etc.) can and will change the apparent color of the skin in that area. This is how blushing works, as well as why you turn yellowish when you have jaundice.
Load More Replies... My sister had an ectopic pregnancy and she lots a falopian tube.
I said - so does this mean you have 50% fertility? NO.
The existing falopian tube can _roam_.
Think about that.
Ovaries are typically white! I learned that from my bislap photos.
A woman can have two uteri and not know it. One uterus can keep having periods while the other uterus is pregnant. This is how she can end up on "I Didn't Know I Was Pregnant.".
I found this out after I got pregnant and the at the first sonogram the dr. asked "do you know you have two uteruses?". Nope. Didn't know that. Didn't even know it was a thing! Turns out it was most likely a birth defect caused by the fertility medication my mother was on when she conceived me...
There was a woman in Australia who had twins a couple of years ago, one from each uterus. Incredibly rare!
Well, most cases there has one uterus but other issues causing the denial of pregnancy.
You can have an abdominal pregnancy where the embryo implants attached to another organ - omentum, liver, intestines, etc. In rare cases, the pregnancy can reach viability and the fetus can be delivered by surgery.
That isnt recommended as the maternal mortality is up to 20% and a lot of perinatal mortality and morbidity as well https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10025137/
But if the fetus has a heartbeat, does that mean a woman has to wait until she's on death's door for an abortion (in baby=heartbeat states) or is it a condition automatically qualifying for abortion?
Load More Replies...There is a rare type of ovarian cancer that is closely related to testicular cancer called dysgerminoma. Like testicular cancer it usually kicks in during late teens early 20s. If you have unexplained UTIs, bloating, any lump in the abdomen, general fatigue get theeself to a doctor.
I also think it’s cool that our bodies release anticoagulant during menstruation so that the blood doesn’t clot.
Those are chunks of tissue, not actually clotted blood. Yes, you may have passed a chunk of your uterus the size of a golf ball.
Load More Replies...It's not released in our blood per say, nor is it technically there to prevent clotting. Rather the uterus releases anticoagulants to help break down the lining of thickened blood and tissue being shed during menstruation. This enables the blood to pass more freely out of the body. And yes, we can absolutely still get clots. Particularly with a heavy flow where the body can't produce enough anticoagulants to break the tissue down completely.
Hm. But doesn't it make any injury more dangerous wtih higher risk of hemorrhaging? Or is the anticoagulant somehow released only into menstrual blood?
I do autopsies for a living and fetuses have incredibly tiny uterus and ovaries. One time there was a post room of ladies (doctors, techs, pa's) and everyone gathered round going "awwww!".
Anyone who deals with death for a living is going to have a different persepective on things than those who don't.
Apparently that kind of reaction might be a sort of a protective mechanism. We are not wired mentally to deal with such heartrending things as dead babies on a regular basis, so our brains try to find something cute/funny about the situation, so that we stop concentrating on the sadness of it.
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The fallopian tubes look like cork screws. I saw mine while the radiologist technician was checking for blockages. I thought my corkscrew fallopian tubes were the reason for not getting pregnant. She said, no, that’s how they look. The textbooks have got it wrong.
That is not a true fact. They are not corkscrew like except in a very niche situation (vertically fixation). This is an example how misinformation is spread through the internet. This can be easily been fact checked, damn.
BP "if it's on the Internet, it's true to us!" /jk
Load More Replies...Pretty much every woman who has periods has some level of endometriosis. It happens because when you lay down on your period, there is some retrograde flow into your fallopian tubes, which then allows some endometrial tissue to pass into your abdominal cavity. Some women don't notice it much, while others have severe problems, but almost every woman has some endometrial tissue where it's not supposed to be.
So you shouldn't lay down on your period? This seems like a serious flaw in female anatomy
You grow labia minora in puberty and they disappear in menopause. It can be uncomfortable whichever way they are going.
Can't speak to them disappearing, but as a mom of four girls, I can tell you that no, babies are absolutely born with labia minora. There's a not terribly uncommon condition that can affect prepubescent girls where the labia minora actually fuse together. They're definitely there well before puberty.
Articles like this make me wish that I had had a second Sex Ed class, toward the end of high school. I think when Sex Ed is first taught (mine was in 5th grade), a lot of us are either overwhelmed by things that we might not have wanted to learn quite yet, or are immature and giggling about so much of it. But there's a lot more that I wish I had been taught, like in 11th or 12th grade.
THINK I have endometriosis. Post menopausal now. But from my first period the pain was unbearable, vomiting etc.. went to get the Pill age 17 and was told, eh, you have a "sticky" falliopian tube, might want to get that checked out if you can't conceive. Then was given the heaviest pill available to fight the painful periods, hirsutism, etc. Which I took for 26 years. Despite repeated requests no doctor ever found it necessary to investigate further because I did not want to have kids. Should have said I wanted to get pregnant and they would have gone all the way. Ended up deciding for myself to stop taking the hormones age 43 and found out I was already in menopause. Nobody seems to care about these things if you don't want to have babies. And I live in a country with supposedly good healthcare.
Women are not impowered with information about their bodies period, you can predict a ballpark ovulation from your discharge! So much we are not privey too. There are good books out there....know your body know yourself! Fem bod out yo😁
Definition: A miscarriage, also known as a spontaneous abortion, is the loss of a pregnancy before 20 weeks of gestation. Causes: Most miscarriages occur due to chromosomal abnormalities in the embryo or fetus. Other possible causes include: Hormonal imbalances, Infections, Trauma, Underlying medical conditions, and Age (risk increases after 35 years). Symptoms: Symptoms may vary and may include: Vaginal bleeding (ranging from light spotting to heavy flow) Cramping or abdominal pain Passing of tissue or clots Decreased or absent pregnancy symptoms (e.g., nausea, breast tenderness) Diagnosis: A healthcare professional can diagnose a miscarriage based on: Physical exam, Vaginal ultrasound, and Blood tests (to check hormone levels and confirm pregnancy). Treatment: Most miscarriages are managed conservatively, allowing the body to expel the pregnancy tissue naturally. In some cases, medication may be prescribed to induce labor or prevent infection. Emotional Support: Miscarriag
i am so glad i came across this page, as a biologist myself, i try as much as a can to bring awareness to women in my community about the reproductive system of a women, there is alot that keep happening to our body that the doctors are also not understanding, so we are linking and connecting eachother to share iinformations either physical or mental health solutions that has helped them over the years, information is power , so you can join the community, we would be stronger when we are healing eachother through testimonies and facts from our ancestral maidens, we are small but growing fast, here is ourinstagram handle After countless hours of passion, purpose, and preparation, I’m beyond excited to finally unveil THEVELVETTHREAD —a brand dedicated to empowering women, nurturing resilience, and weaving a community of care and connection. 🌸 This is more than just a brand; it’s a movement. A space where emotional healing, health awareness, and sisterhood come together to create so
This is completely unrelated but the whole post got me thinking if salmon semen facials work? Yep, apparently it’s the new “thing” in Los Angeles..
Small fragments of salmon DNA and RNA are injected or applied after microneedling to stimulate the production of new blood vessels, more collagen and keratinocytes. Makes the skin look better. Salmon is used because its DNA is similar (enough) to ours and sperm is used because it contains a lot of DNA.
Load More Replies...Articles like this make me wish that I had had a second Sex Ed class, toward the end of high school. I think when Sex Ed is first taught (mine was in 5th grade), a lot of us are either overwhelmed by things that we might not have wanted to learn quite yet, or are immature and giggling about so much of it. But there's a lot more that I wish I had been taught, like in 11th or 12th grade.
THINK I have endometriosis. Post menopausal now. But from my first period the pain was unbearable, vomiting etc.. went to get the Pill age 17 and was told, eh, you have a "sticky" falliopian tube, might want to get that checked out if you can't conceive. Then was given the heaviest pill available to fight the painful periods, hirsutism, etc. Which I took for 26 years. Despite repeated requests no doctor ever found it necessary to investigate further because I did not want to have kids. Should have said I wanted to get pregnant and they would have gone all the way. Ended up deciding for myself to stop taking the hormones age 43 and found out I was already in menopause. Nobody seems to care about these things if you don't want to have babies. And I live in a country with supposedly good healthcare.
Women are not impowered with information about their bodies period, you can predict a ballpark ovulation from your discharge! So much we are not privey too. There are good books out there....know your body know yourself! Fem bod out yo😁
Definition: A miscarriage, also known as a spontaneous abortion, is the loss of a pregnancy before 20 weeks of gestation. Causes: Most miscarriages occur due to chromosomal abnormalities in the embryo or fetus. Other possible causes include: Hormonal imbalances, Infections, Trauma, Underlying medical conditions, and Age (risk increases after 35 years). Symptoms: Symptoms may vary and may include: Vaginal bleeding (ranging from light spotting to heavy flow) Cramping or abdominal pain Passing of tissue or clots Decreased or absent pregnancy symptoms (e.g., nausea, breast tenderness) Diagnosis: A healthcare professional can diagnose a miscarriage based on: Physical exam, Vaginal ultrasound, and Blood tests (to check hormone levels and confirm pregnancy). Treatment: Most miscarriages are managed conservatively, allowing the body to expel the pregnancy tissue naturally. In some cases, medication may be prescribed to induce labor or prevent infection. Emotional Support: Miscarriag
i am so glad i came across this page, as a biologist myself, i try as much as a can to bring awareness to women in my community about the reproductive system of a women, there is alot that keep happening to our body that the doctors are also not understanding, so we are linking and connecting eachother to share iinformations either physical or mental health solutions that has helped them over the years, information is power , so you can join the community, we would be stronger when we are healing eachother through testimonies and facts from our ancestral maidens, we are small but growing fast, here is ourinstagram handle After countless hours of passion, purpose, and preparation, I’m beyond excited to finally unveil THEVELVETTHREAD —a brand dedicated to empowering women, nurturing resilience, and weaving a community of care and connection. 🌸 This is more than just a brand; it’s a movement. A space where emotional healing, health awareness, and sisterhood come together to create so
This is completely unrelated but the whole post got me thinking if salmon semen facials work? Yep, apparently it’s the new “thing” in Los Angeles..
Small fragments of salmon DNA and RNA are injected or applied after microneedling to stimulate the production of new blood vessels, more collagen and keratinocytes. Makes the skin look better. Salmon is used because its DNA is similar (enough) to ours and sperm is used because it contains a lot of DNA.
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