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A fallacy is an error in reasoning, created either unintentionally during a debate or argument, or sometimes intentionally in order to deceive someone. They are good to know as we spend more and more time arguing with strangers on the internet, it is more than likely tat you have been guilty of one of these common fallacies at some stage!

With truth becoming an increasingly elusive concept in these days of fake news, denial of science and appeal to partisan emotions over logic, being able to spot these fallacies is also an important skill to have. Logan Murphy, from San Francisco, has helpfully compiled a list of the most common fallacies, in easily digestible and humorous illustrations. “They took a bit to make but it was a fun project,” he told Bored Panda. “I was hoping to hit the sweet spot between humor and truth.”

Logan, who has an associate's degree in philosophy, says his inspiration for the illustrations came from working in customer service. “Customers use them a lot in an attempt to get things,” he explained. “I’m never able to call them on what they are doing, so this started out as me venting!”

Scroll down below to check out Logan's educational and amusing illustrations for yourself, and let us know what you think in the comments!

Image credits: Slippysilverpanda

#1

Fallacies-Dummies

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Hans
Community Member
7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

This is also done other way round. I am XYZ therefore ABC. Like "I am a doctor. Vaccinations are bad". Being in a certain profession does not necessarily mean that you are right.

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    #2

    Fallacies-Dummies

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    Captain Planet
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    This is the exact description of Religion. And the right to have guns in the US.

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    #3

    Fallacies-Dummies

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    Hans
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    "Vaccinations cause autism. I know someone who has autism and was vaccinated."...

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    #4

    Fallacies-Dummies

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    Randy Dhuyvetter
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    And this, in a nutshell, is why people believe in a flat Earth...

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    #5

    Fallacies-Dummies

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    Ladies and Gentlemen
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Stick Plane crashed, 0 Survivors, 377 sticks died! Search for Stick Box under way!

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    #6

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    Linouchka 99
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Isn't this the Godwin point ?

    Zenozenobee
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Yep, and in my world, reaching the Godwin point means you have no argument, which amounts to losing the debate

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    Andres Tejeda
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    The irony is that I have seen some conservatives use this argument against the left, while defending literal Neo-nazis.

    Alan Brooks
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Both sides do it, many "left wingers" called and still call trump "literally hitler" all the time. It's the quickest way to get me to ignore any point your trying to make no matter how valid it may be.

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    John Ashley
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    The trouble is when valid comparisons are discounted because of this.

    Evan Stanley
    Community Member
    6 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    All comparisons are invalid. Stop going back to this well and get a better argument.

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    Hans
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    In Germany, this is the safest way to loose a political post. Works 100% of the time in higher offices.

    Ming Gnim
    Community Member
    2 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    This could also be called Reductio Ad Godrum.

    Floris Zuidema
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Lately I see the opposite: You compared X to Nazi Germany therefore your argument is invalid. This is just as bad of course.

    Teelaw
    Community Member
    7 years ago (edited) Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Fact: this technique won't work without a good wand.

    Billis Lopez
    Community Member
    4 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    If conservatives are allowed to pivot every conversation with a left winger to “you just want to turn us into Venezuela / Cuba / the USSR, then I see nothing wrong with bringing Hitler up as a counterpoint. A stupid argument deserves a stupid rebuttal. I don’t bring up Hitler personally but maybe if conservatives wouldn’t demonize everything even remotely related to socialism, this wouldn’t be as big of an issue. It takes two to tango.

    A little reality
    Community Member
    4 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    If it's accurate and factual, it is not a fallacy.

    SerenaEeveePrincess
    Community Member
    6 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Me: NEVER SPEAK OF THAT EVIL, EVIL MAN

    kiefer chow
    Community Member
    6 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    A conversation long enough will eventually mention hitler

    Bob Constans
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    He HAS a point ... I'm not saying it's a valid point

    Roo Bookaroo
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Exactly what Obama did in his campaign speech this week to oppose a Trump candidate.

    Seth AC
    Community Member
    6 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Like I said Roo, when someone decides to round people up and put them in cages, it stops being about how the argument is being made and becomes that Trump actually IS like Hitler.

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    Jason Tylor
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Godwin’s law and reductio ad absurdum combined?

    Dudden Hall
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    All opinions are right, as there is no such thing as right or wrong. Everyone has a vote, every vote is equal. Most highly intelligent people have very biased opinions. The USA used to boast that 'anyone can become president', but now that 'anyone' has become President a lot of people think that might be wrong. If anyone can become President then the system is wrong, not the President.

    Thorsten Flierl
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Pretty usual in Germany. We call it "die Nazikeule auspacken" :-)

    Susan
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    What were those good Nazi ideas again?

    Nosfentor
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Hitler was a roman catholic.

    Kjorn
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    says so many people against people who are right wing

    Lucy Shupe
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Ive also seen and heard about the left,thus the reason it is useless as an arguement.

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    Tobias Meiner
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    This is a fanciful example of a simple exaggerated translation. In political discussions, comparison to Hitler (or NSDAP) actually matters. The underlying caveat is 'correlation does not equal causation', for example Hitler was statist and racist, but it does not mean that anyone whose views on government gravitate towards statism must necessarily be racist (and this is how this eristic trope works). Oh, and this not 'reductio ad Hitlerum', but rather 'argumentum ad Hitlerum' (not to mention that the declension of the Hitler's name seems incorrect, but was left unchanged to maintain similarity to the word 'absurdum').

    Evan Stanley
    Community Member
    6 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Comparison to Hitler never matters unless you're actually talking about Germany back in that decade. Almost every modern take on it is a twisted distortion.

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    Mick Fowler
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    As a point of interest - the original Mr. Godwin stated that the "Nazi" description of a certain USA political party is well deserved.

    Seth AC
    Community Member
    6 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    This needs to come with the caveat that is so often forgotten that when someone states that they have an opinion that is functionally identical to one held by Hitler... Jesus Christ an actual Nazi doesn’t stop being an actual Nazi because everyone comparing someone to Hitler MUST be wrong.

    PandaMan
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Oh, the anti-Trump argument simplified.

    Tom McNamara
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Sounds like a typical leftist

    Paul O
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Just look at universities when a conservative speaker is invited. The left seem to be incapable of rational argument and just screech "nazi" to end any debate.

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    #7

    Fallacies-Dummies

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    Master Markus
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Arguing with religious people in a nutshell. People used to believe that gods lived on high mountains, under the earth and in other places we hadn't gotten to yet, then we explored those places and didn't find gods, so it turns out the gods were in the sky the whole time, but then we went into space and there were no such creatures there, so it turns out they ACTUALLY always lived on a different plane of reality and you can never go there to get evidence that they exist.

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    #8

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    Dian Ella Lillie
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    This should probably be rephrased, as some "personal experience" can disprove certain types of argument. Take the classical proposition from several centuries ago that all swans were white. It only took one black swan to disprove that hypothesis - if the refuter had seen and evidenced that sighting, the original argument is lost. The issue here is confabulating "opinion" with "experience" - another logical fallacy, as it happens...

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    #10

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    David Smojver
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Mostly Religous apologists, Flat Earthers and Creationists use all those tactics because they cannot support their asinine, moronic claims with any scientific fact.

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    #11

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    Steve Bowman
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Wasn't it Paul Merton who did a bit about this (ca. 1991 - 1993)? "So you don't like toast, hm? What do you want to eat? HUMAN EXCREMENTS?"

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    #12

    Fallacies-Dummies

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    -
    Community Member
    7 years ago (edited) Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    KSI on the left, Logan Paul on the right (What they were saying, not my personal opinion, don't get triggered)

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    #13

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    Fiendhunter
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    "If abortion gets regulated, all women will abort their babies and soon humanity will go extinct! Won't someone think of the children?! :( "

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    #14

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    Just Curious
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    This is not a great explanation of this fallacy...

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    #15

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    Master Markus
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    I usually end up with some form of this when I ask Christians "Why did Jesus have to die for God to forgive us?" So far I haven't heard a good explanation. (Yes, there's "he was perfect and paid in blood sacrifice for the whole Adam and Eve debacle" but if God's plan was to forgive people, why didn't he just do it WITHOUT killing Jesus. Ugh, even without all that we're starting on the false premise of the Adam and Eve story being true, which is just immense levels of ridiculous.)

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    #16

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    chi-wei shen
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    It’s not only about inanimate objects but people’s feelings, as well. "You’ve hurt my feelings" or "this offends me" are on the same level. Someone is offended, so what? It doesn’t give them any rights. Hurt emotions are a part of life, but if people can’t control their own emotions they often start trying to control other people’s behavior. At this point any discussion turns pathetic.

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    #17

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    Master Markus
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    This isn't entirely accurate. According to Wikipedia, which provides a good definition: "The method of Bulverism is to "assume that your opponent is wrong, and explain his error.” The Bulverist assumes a speaker's argument is invalid or false and then explains why the speaker came to make that mistake, attacking the speaker or the speaker's motive."

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    #18

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    Giovanni
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    There's a deep difference between an "expert" and an expert, that's the root of all the anti-scientific movements.

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    #19

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    Rafaella Bueno
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Yup. Just because someone is a d**k, doesn't mean they can't point it out when you're being one. Being a d**k doesn't automatically make them wrong, just a hypocrite.

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    #20

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    Zenozenobee
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    I don't get this one. If an argument contained a fallacy (even if the one using it doesn't know it) then, the reasoning is likely to be unsound. Depending of the fallacy of course

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