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A fallacy is an error in reasoning, created either unintentionally during a debate or argument, or sometimes intentionally in order to deceive someone. They are good to know as we spend more and more time arguing with strangers on the internet, it is more than likely tat you have been guilty of one of these common fallacies at some stage!

With truth becoming an increasingly elusive concept in these days of fake news, denial of science and appeal to partisan emotions over logic, being able to spot these fallacies is also an important skill to have. Logan Murphy, from San Francisco, has helpfully compiled a list of the most common fallacies, in easily digestible and humorous illustrations. “They took a bit to make but it was a fun project,” he told Bored Panda. “I was hoping to hit the sweet spot between humor and truth.”

Logan, who has an associate's degree in philosophy, says his inspiration for the illustrations came from working in customer service. “Customers use them a lot in an attempt to get things,” he explained. “I’m never able to call them on what they are doing, so this started out as me venting!”

Scroll down below to check out Logan's educational and amusing illustrations for yourself, and let us know what you think in the comments!

Image credits: Slippysilverpanda

#1

Fallacies-Dummies

Slippysilverpanda Report

Hans
Community Member
7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

This is also done other way round. I am XYZ therefore ABC. Like "I am a doctor. Vaccinations are bad". Being in a certain profession does not necessarily mean that you are right.

Dian Ella Lillie
Community Member
7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

That's actually a separate category of fallacy - argument from authority (argumentum ad verecundiam).

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Bunzilla
Community Member
7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

I've seen this done a LOT in archeological circles. Anybody who suggests anything new that's outside of the Established Dogma™ immediately is personally attacked, rather than actually looking at their evidence.

Andrew Russo
Community Member
5 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

regarding the "Appeal to authority", I assume that what you are saying is that "expert" in quotes is not an actual expert and therefore lacks credibility. So my conclusion is that it is OK to rely on the conclusions of actual verified experts, assuming there are clearly defined criteria for expertise?

D. Pitbull
Community Member
6 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

Alright... please... help me... I'm obviously not understanding. Ad Hominem, I get it... the appeal to authority ... I'm ... not quite understanding. So someone has the opinion (okay, let's pick something obvious) "I have the opinion that a virus is an imaginary thing and really it's little ghosts inhabiting your blood when you get a cold"... and you respond with something along the lines of "the [medical] doctor/Medical Textbook/Reliable medical science source says otherwise, and here is the information behind it" - how is that a fallacy? I would be appealing to authority... obviously because I don't know as much... about a thing - how else ... would... one ... go about it...? I'm missing something. Please help.

Roar Ander
Community Member
6 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

This is FACEBOOK praksis grande and irriterer meg enormt, men og de beleste bruker en variant -- jeg er professor så dette vet jeg mens professoratet er i matikk og spørsmålet er om feks innvandring

PandaMan
Community Member
7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

Reminds me of Supreme Court Justice hearings.

Kiki
Community Member
7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

Isn't that what's being done to Trump? I don't like him myself, but you have to admit, that no matter what Trump says, even if it's correct, Liberals attack him for it simply because they don't like him.

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    #2

    Fallacies-Dummies

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    Captain Planet
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    This is the exact description of Religion. And the right to have guns in the US.

    Zenozenobee
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    I love that kind of argument...our ancestors would never have come down from their trees if they have stick to what had "always been".

    Alan Brooks
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    @diane a yea the constitution didn't give "nutters age 17 the right to buy and bear arms" either. You obviously know precisely jack and s**t about our constitution from way over there in England and way up there on that high horse, so do a little research before you toss some b******t out.

    Monika Soffronow
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Oh, the difficulty some have to see that repeating the same mistake over and over again does not make it right!

    PattonPawter
    Community Member
    5 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    So it’s like “oh this is the way X has done it for years therefore we will do it”

    Larry Hare
    Community Member
    5 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    It's hilarious the way you hypocrites are using just about every logical fallacy in your arguments against religion and gun rights. Also, it's clear you know very little on either subject.

    PandaMan
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    When you don't have the money or time for prisons to house terrorists, rapist, robbers, and killers...

    Teleri Nyfain
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Actually it's only a fallacy (appeal to authority) when either the thing disputed is not something factual (ie it's, say, an opinion of taste) or when the 'authority' is not one, at least for the relevant statement.

    ThatJeremyKid
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Appeal to authority seems not as questionable. If there is an expert or multiple experts and they went to school long enough and studied long enough and put out peer reviewed papers and have followed the scientific method then they are who we appeal to. I have done this multiple times defending science and medicine... Because there are people out there who believe in snake oil, fairy dust and government conspiracy and hurt those around them with their stupidity. If I can't reference a peer reviewed double blind study, what then should I reference?

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    #3

    Fallacies-Dummies

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    Hans
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    "Vaccinations cause autism. I know someone who has autism and was vaccinated."...

    Zenozenobee
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    And we all know someone that died and had drink water at least once in this/her life! Water is dangerous! Stop drinking water!

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    Obet Kristyadi
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    "my religion is the only one that right, as in this holy book" i heard that a lot in this country

    Lyone Fein
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    This one is also called "Omission", because it means leaving out certain facts.

    PandaMan
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    This is known as debate and argument over the facts... thus what our legal system is based on - NOT A PROBLEM.

    Honesty Olishia
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    I have a friend who used this technique that eating truffles caused a person to have tooth problems, specifically braces or needing to get wisdom teeth removed.

    Obet Kristyadi
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    "my religion is the only one that right, as in my holy book" i heard that a lot in this country

    diane a
    Community Member
    7 years ago

    This comment has been deleted.

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    #4

    Fallacies-Dummies

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    Randy Dhuyvetter
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    And this, in a nutshell, is why people believe in a flat Earth...

    Rafaella Bueno
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    I think flat Earthers are stupid and dangerous too, but I don't think it has to do with this one. It takes some really f****d up mental gymnastics to actually manage to believe Flat Earth Theory. I think it's actually harder than just trusting science

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    Hans
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    "the refugess are taking out jobs", "this country soon will be a muslim republic", "the government is behind the chemtrails", "customs are good for us all", you could endlessly continue this.

    Ladies and Gentlemen
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Yes, I Dismiss it. Die and Burn in hell you stupid!

    Zenozenobee
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    As long as they die and burn in hell alone, I applaud too. But there are opinions that are dangerous (leading to violence or impacting kids health) and those ones drive me mad!

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    Vicky Zar
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    A lot of older people do that about new discoveries in science and medicine. They don't understand it, so it is stupid/ wrong. It's driving me nuts.

    Teleri Nyfain
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Thus throwing the KISS argument under the bus. Except scientifically it's often true....

    John Seidel
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    This is why people watch fox news.

    Marrit de Jong
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    On the other hand: if you really understand it yourself, you must be able to explain it in easy language. Using complex words is also a way to try to win an argument, hoping the other person will think you are really smart and therefore are probably right... 🤨🧐

    Django Stewart
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    I mean, Occam's Razor is still useful...

    Magdalina777
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    This one's not necessarily so bad. Being able to explain yourself so that others can understand you is a valued virtue. Besides, the opposite often works too - say something complicated enough using long smart words and someone ought to buy it because "don't get it but sounds smart so must be true".

    Jace
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Another way i see this is when someone acts like their ignorance-formed opinion is equal to fact-based knowledge. Opinions and beliefs, no matter how sincerely held, aren't sacrosanct. "Your ignorance is not equal to my knowledge".

    Lyone Fein
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Your explanation is incorrect. This fallacy is not about ignorance vs. knowledge. This fallacy is about *understanding* another person's argument (or not understanding it). . . . and deciding that "my lack of understanding = your incorrectness".

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    #5

    Fallacies-Dummies

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    Ladies and Gentlemen
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Stick Plane crashed, 0 Survivors, 377 sticks died! Search for Stick Box under way!

    D. Pitbull
    Community Member
    6 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Ahh... this is the argument my mother used... to blame me for my father getting food poisoning halfway around the world. They were on vacation in Asia, I was in Canada... I got a snake as a pet (small, they'd never even see it), and my dad got food poisoning around the same 24 hour period... and my mother told me, with *no irony and with all seriousness* that it is because I got the snake that my dad got sick.... in Asia. When he was with her... so I was obviously trying to be malicious...

    Cassie Klieman
    Community Member
    6 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    I don't know about this one in the story of creation the Earth was spoken into existence. There is power in our words positive and negative. Some have more power than others. What if someone spoke you should just kill yourself and then followed it up by tearing them down for a period of time. That may cause someone to commit suicide.

    Jake TheVeggo
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    just like the whole "vaccines cause autism" debate, the age where autism becomes noticeable is at about 22 months old. The vaccine schedules at the time of the so-called "study" meant that some got vaccines at 18, 20 and even 22 months. so parents would get their kids vaccinated and then find out their kid has autism, and would just link the two.

    PandaMan
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Trump causes Hurricanes... LOL.

    RosaTheWitch
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Heh, where I live (in the northwest of England, UK) a "trump" is slang for a fart, so the windy connection makes perfect sense! Why all the hurricanes? Because President Trump-ed!

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    Melody Lanzatella
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    I HATE THAT!! My husband always says "Dont jinx me!!!"

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    #6

    Fallacies-Dummies

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    Linouchka 99
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Isn't this the Godwin point ?

    Zenozenobee
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Yep, and in my world, reaching the Godwin point means you have no argument, which amounts to losing the debate

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    Andres Tejeda
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    The irony is that I have seen some conservatives use this argument against the left, while defending literal Neo-nazis.

    Alan Brooks
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Both sides do it, many "left wingers" called and still call trump "literally hitler" all the time. It's the quickest way to get me to ignore any point your trying to make no matter how valid it may be.

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    John Ashley
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    The trouble is when valid comparisons are discounted because of this.

    Evan Stanley
    Community Member
    5 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    All comparisons are invalid. Stop going back to this well and get a better argument.

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    Hans
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    In Germany, this is the safest way to loose a political post. Works 100% of the time in higher offices.

    Ming Gnim
    Community Member
    2 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    This could also be called Reductio Ad Godrum.

    Floris Zuidema
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Lately I see the opposite: You compared X to Nazi Germany therefore your argument is invalid. This is just as bad of course.

    Teelaw
    Community Member
    7 years ago (edited) Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Fact: this technique won't work without a good wand.

    Billis Lopez
    Community Member
    4 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    If conservatives are allowed to pivot every conversation with a left winger to “you just want to turn us into Venezuela / Cuba / the USSR, then I see nothing wrong with bringing Hitler up as a counterpoint. A stupid argument deserves a stupid rebuttal. I don’t bring up Hitler personally but maybe if conservatives wouldn’t demonize everything even remotely related to socialism, this wouldn’t be as big of an issue. It takes two to tango.

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    #7

    Fallacies-Dummies

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    Master Markus
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Arguing with religious people in a nutshell. People used to believe that gods lived on high mountains, under the earth and in other places we hadn't gotten to yet, then we explored those places and didn't find gods, so it turns out the gods were in the sky the whole time, but then we went into space and there were no such creatures there, so it turns out they ACTUALLY always lived on a different plane of reality and you can never go there to get evidence that they exist.

    Tobias Meiner
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Not really. Esoteric religions (Christianity, Islam, Judaism, Buddhism etc.) always stated that supernatural beings live on some other plane of existence and thus attempt to disprove such claim by empirical reasoning is comparing apples to oranges. For that reason, no one proved existence of god(s) but no one also proved its non-existence. And no one probably ever will.

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    Bobbi Newell
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Continually changing criteria is another example of moving the goalposts. In the case of antivaxxers, every time they are presented with proof of vaccines' safety, they challenge another element.

    Your Local Lizard
    Community Member
    5 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Im seeing all these posts saying one opinion is totally wrong BRUH HOW IRONIC. EVERYBODY HAS OPINIONS SO RESPECT IT IF YOU WANT OTHERS TO RESPECT YOURS.

    Paul Jackson
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    These are the kinds of arguments being used against Judge Kavanagh now. The Democrats keep moving the goalposts to keep a vote from happening.

    PandaMan
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    More Supreme Court hearings wanting more and more papers etc...

    Marnee DeRider
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    It's not a particularly good example.

    Chris Sprucefield
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Global warmists vs sceptics - No logic, no new evidence, no new science (or established) will be accepted if it contradicts the set religion of co2.

    SnowyLynx
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    How does this have to do anything with goalposts?

    Bobbi Newell
    Community Member
    7 years ago (edited) Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Metaphorical goalposts, using sports imagery to provide a common reference. Most people are familiar with football or soccer games, where the players have a fixed scoring point. Imagine how frustrating it would be to play if your opponent was constantly saying, "That's not the goal, it's [here]," and changing the location every single time!

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    #8

    Fallacies-Dummies

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    Dian Ella Lillie
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    This should probably be rephrased, as some "personal experience" can disprove certain types of argument. Take the classical proposition from several centuries ago that all swans were white. It only took one black swan to disprove that hypothesis - if the refuter had seen and evidenced that sighting, the original argument is lost. The issue here is confabulating "opinion" with "experience" - another logical fallacy, as it happens...

    Carlin Scott
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    I think it's obvious that an opinion sans evidence can be refuted by a personal experience. This meme needs some reworking.

    Stormy Day
    Community Member
    4 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Is this showing an older person? Ageism!!

    PandaMan
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Being able to replicate personal experience, if you step off the diving board you fall into the water. Common Sense and easily proved through scientific experiments.

    Tobias Meiner
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    As Dian Ella Lillie wrote - personal experience can and does disprove arguments that are based on large quantifiers (every, always etc.). It is useless when small quantifiers are used. Also, 'anecdotal evidence' is just a form of generalisation.

    Master Markus
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    See most people who claim they "felt god". The human brain can do a lot of wacky things when you really want it to verify your already-existing beliefs. Feeling something that you interpret as the "touch" of a spiritual being isn't evidence of that being's existence because the anecdote is an untestable claim.

    Lara L.
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    The reason why one personal experience doesn't matter is because it could be the exception.

    Zenozenobee
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    A personal experience matter, even if it's an exception. It can point out a problem, a malfunction, anything that can be improved. It can confirm other personal experiences. It can be used to illustrate a statement. But it must remain what it is: a personal experience. Not a generality, not a rule. Personal experience can (not all) be interesting but in most circonstances, this is not enough to be an argument.

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    #9

    Fallacies-Dummies

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    Ladies and Gentlemen
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    No need of proof, Trump is always right!

    Jace
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    This isn't stating an actual logical fallacy.

    Jace
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    The burden is on the claimant. Or is it just that there IS a burden of proof not being addressed by any arguer? https://yourlogicalfallacyis.com/burden-of-proof

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    Tobias Meiner
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    This is not what 'burden of proof' means. The expression is a legal term meaning the necessity of providing evidence to corroborate testimony and is usually followed by 'lies by' (or similar) indicating who is obliged to provide such evidence. In common parlance it is an abbreviation of the expression 'burden of proof lies with the author', i.e. it is the author of the hypothesis who needs to corroborate it with evidence (or, tautologically, 'claim is not considered proven until it is proven' not 'claim is proven until disproved'). What we have here is a type of false dilemma, namely the assumption that existence of proof is required for an argument to be valid or not. This assumption is not true, because veracity of statement is based on truth, not any other statement. Thus, if an argument can't be corroborated with facts, but is not disproved, it does not need to be false - it may be truth or not, we just do not know which is the case until evidence to or against appears.

    diane a
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    You utterly cannot disprove something which never existed.other than in the mind of the beholder. How is it possible to disprove something that never happened, There is no truth, reason or sanity in the mind of a sociopath

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    Andres Tejeda
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    One of the prime arguments that religious people use to "prove" god exists.

    diane a
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    A God only exists in the imagination of frightened people - He controls the world- worship Him and you will be safe. From the Incas to the Aztecs, from the Bhuddists to Islam to Catholics - Religeon is the root of all the evil and persecution in the world

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    Pedro Purcino
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    actually both sides must have the ultimate evidence for their arguments, nobody will never be free from the burden of proof.

    Edwin Keller
    Community Member
    5 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    To a degree. You have no burden to disprove what was never proven to begin with. If someone makes a claim and refuses to back it up, then you have no burden whatsoever to discredit it. Because it was never credited to begin with.

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    Linouchka 99
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Absence of proof is not proof of absence!

    Randy Dhuyvetter
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Not to mention that it's almost impossible to prove absence.

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    Billis Lopez
    Community Member
    4 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    The fallacy here is when the person making the claim shifts the burden of proof to the opposing side. In a trial, the defendant is innocent until proven guilty. So it is when it comes to a claim. It’s not true until it’s proven to be true. Of course, in every day life, we can accept many claims at face value because in our experience, they occur regularly and we have no reason to doubt them. We can also place our trust in people whom we know to be reliable, even if their account seems extraordinary. However there are certain things, like the existence of god, or the truth of a particular religion, which are so far beyond the human experience that the burden of proof is even heavier on the person making the claim. For that person to then turn around and insist that it’s on the disbeliever to prove that God doesn’t exist is a major fallacy. Because we could go a million years and never see or hear a peep from god, but that’s doesn’t *technically* prove anything.

    Collin Edward
    Community Member
    5 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Can you prove that unicorns DON'T exist?

    Edwin Keller
    Community Member
    5 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    No it's not. Burden of proof isn't a fallacy, it's a concept. It is the requirement that a participant in a discussion prove evidence for a claim. Shifting the burden of proof is demanding that someone else provide evidence when they don't have a requirement to yet (such as making a claim, then demanding the other person proof it wrong when you haven't provided evidence that it was right to begin with). This is just argument from silence.

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    #10

    Fallacies-Dummies

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    David Smojver
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Mostly Religous apologists, Flat Earthers and Creationists use all those tactics because they cannot support their asinine, moronic claims with any scientific fact.

    Isog Sargent
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    You are seriously asking for scientific facts from religion? Religion is, by definition, faith. And faith is the belief in things that cannot be proven. Therefore, to ask religion to prove itself using science, or actually to prove itself at all, is asinine.

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    phil blanque
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Hmmmm....a little Latin is not enough to make this smart. Move along, nothing to see here.

    John Seidel
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Fox news again, especially carlson and hannity. "What about, what about, what about."

    Albert Bergquist
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    In the dictionary of this fallacy there's a oicture of Ben Shapiro.

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    #11

    Fallacies-Dummies

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    Steve Bowman
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Wasn't it Paul Merton who did a bit about this (ca. 1991 - 1993)? "So you don't like toast, hm? What do you want to eat? HUMAN EXCREMENTS?"

    Chimelementa
    Community Member
    6 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    I have seen many internet arguers call their opponents using this fallacy, wrongly. There is a huge problem with the use of this 'fallacy'(of how people call out other people for it), sometimes the called out person is actually correct, sometimes an argument can indirectly mean something else. Sometimes the argument is clearly represented, but the person who said the statement calls out the critic for using a straw man argument and posting a comment that is quite similar to his original argument, but different enough to make the critics argument wrong, if he actually said that first hand. In my experience of internet arguments, specially in Reddit. Calling out others for using a fallacy is a more successful way to win an argument than using a fallacy itself. Many internet arguers have greater knowledge of fallacies and how to falsely label the other person than the knowledge of the subject they are arguing about itself.

    Lyone Fein
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    This would be most of the posters on here, who oversimplify religious perspectives, in order to trivialize them without really addressing their complexities.

    Collin Edward
    Community Member
    5 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    "Let me ask you something. In Nazi Germany, when people saw what the nazis were doing and did nothing, were those good people?" "No, you gotta stop the nazis" "But you SAW what they were doing to Tyler, and did nothing." "I was over on the bench!"

    SPRY
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    I loathe people when they use this one... because it admits defeat, yet triumphs due to the confusion.

    Lisa Clayton
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Kneeling during the National Anthem disrespects our troops...

    Cees Timmerman
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Goosestepping to a symbol instead of housing vets disrespects your troops.

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    Andres Tejeda
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Basically Ben Shapiros whole basis for his arguments. I swear if he talked slower more people would pick up on it and would be able to debate him better.

    Ohio Hands
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Nah, Ben Shapiro always counters with fact and figures and reasoning within his own perspective, the guy does his research on topics and has a well above average IQ. I'd like to see him evenly matched in a debate, but the guy is hard to keep pace with, it has zero to do with "argument tricks", though thats a very easy way to try to discredit him.

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    Isog Sargent
    Community Member
    7 years ago

    This comment is hidden. Click here to view.

    Kneeling during the national anthem to protest racism is an affront to those who gave their lives for our country.

    furious_lover
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Im pretty sure it was for the people who were shot by the police for no reason

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    -
    Community Member
    7 years ago (edited) Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    KSI on the left, Logan Paul on the right (What they were saying, not my personal opinion, don't get triggered)

    furious_lover
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    UGH! Do not bring such a little boys name upon thy facility!

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    PandaMan
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    President Obama speeches - lectures in arrogance and false superiority.

    danielw
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    But... I am better than you. All of you. No seriously.

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    #13

    Fallacies-Dummies

    Slippysilverpanda Report

    Fiendhunter
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    "If abortion gets regulated, all women will abort their babies and soon humanity will go extinct! Won't someone think of the children?! :( "

    Randy Dhuyvetter
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Hell, I've heard the argument that if abortion before birth would be allowed now, it's only a matter of time before abortion after the birth of the baby would also be allowed.

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    Mad Haberdasheress
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    "If two men are allowed to marry, what's next? Can I marry my guinea pig? Seriously, because I want to marry my guinea pig." (Parks and Rec reference)

    Chimelementa
    Community Member
    6 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    There are already people trying to legalize b********y, it may happen in the far future.

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    Edwin Keller
    Community Member
    5 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    This is informal. It can be a fallacy, but if the process is carefully and reasonably explained, OR there is evidence of a similar "slide" occurring before, OR you are already "sliding" without any sign of slowing (You said A would eventually lead to Z, and you are already at S), than it may not be a fallacy. A bit of nuance to those rules though.

    PandaMan
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Global Warming is man-made despite years of global warming and cooling long before man existed - don't question liberal computer models that can't even predict the weather or hurricane in a week - yet they know that they're right.

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    #14

    Fallacies-Dummies

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    Just Curious
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    This is not a great explanation of this fallacy...

    Jace
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Most of these aren't great explanations/examples.

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    Billis Lopez
    Community Member
    4 years ago

    This comment has been deleted.

    D. Pitbull
    Community Member
    6 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    I... am... a bit... confused? Wait... seriously? There's a fallacy called "No True Scotsman?" okay, that's interesting... googling...

    Lyone Fein
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    The "No True Scotsman" Is a cousin of the Ad Hominem, it seems to me. Because the opposition is attacking one's character, rather than offering a counter-argument. A great modern example of this was when Kanye recently came out and said that he liked President Trump---and actually gave reasons for his position. In response, many people reacted by questioning his "black" cred.

    PandaMan
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    This is like the Federal Government wanting to tell every State and Person what to do despite not knowing @#$ about the local issues. Why Big Government SUCKS by definition... They are wrong to take local laws out of the state and make them Federal.

    Bob Constans
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    I really friggin HATE having this used on me

    #15

    Fallacies-Dummies

    Slippysilverpanda Report

    Master Markus
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    I usually end up with some form of this when I ask Christians "Why did Jesus have to die for God to forgive us?" So far I haven't heard a good explanation. (Yes, there's "he was perfect and paid in blood sacrifice for the whole Adam and Eve debacle" but if God's plan was to forgive people, why didn't he just do it WITHOUT killing Jesus. Ugh, even without all that we're starting on the false premise of the Adam and Eve story being true, which is just immense levels of ridiculous.)

    Lucy Shupe
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Just curious do you use anything other than religion as the way to agree or disagree with the statements?

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    Jacob Ross
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    life. I understand your thoughts about the Eden story seeming ridiculous. I assume that the "universe being created in 144 hours" thing seems off. One thing about Bible accounts is that they often use figurative language. In some cases they even state "a day for a year", or "a thousand years as a day". In this case the language was figurative, with the days representing periods of creation. I believe in the God of the Bible for many reasons, including the scientific accuracy in it ("the earth is hanging upon nothing", washing hands, burying waste for sanitation, quarantine procedures rabbits chewing cud, etc.) as well as the prophecies that came true. I am truly sorry if religious people have ever disrespected you.

    Bhavya Kumar
    Community Member
    4 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    In india we have one statement to completely turn this tactic on its head and it's toh wo khai me kudne kahe ga to tu kud jaye ga meaning if (insert name) is asking you to jump of a cliff you will jump?

    Vinniegret
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    THIS is what begging the question means! (It DOESN'T mean 'raising the question or 'asking a question'). Spread it around so we can stop hearing it used incorrectly by 90% of people on TV.

    PandaMan
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Who argues chicken or egg? Oh did God create man or did man create God(s) or religion in general. The point is people have FAITH and Government should respect it for the most part - Freedom of Religion.

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    #16

    Fallacies-Dummies

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    chi-wei shen
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    It’s not only about inanimate objects but people’s feelings, as well. "You’ve hurt my feelings" or "this offends me" are on the same level. Someone is offended, so what? It doesn’t give them any rights. Hurt emotions are a part of life, but if people can’t control their own emotions they often start trying to control other people’s behavior. At this point any discussion turns pathetic.

    Master Markus
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Yes, but this isn't the meaning of the term "pathetic fallacy". It's a confusingly worded term in English but it basically just means "applying human feelings to inhuman things". So, like the Elizabethan idea of the "chain of being" suggested that the monarch was chosen by god, so a common theme in literature was that when a monarch was killed, there would be a storm, or animals would start acting crazy, as though they cared about this.

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    PandaMan
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Are you saying Liberals are as stiff as a board? or is this not a safe space?

    Night Owl
    Community Member
    7 years ago (edited) Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Sorry, Groot. I'm sure the poster didn't mean to hurt your feelings.

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    #17

    Fallacies-Dummies

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    Master Markus
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    This isn't entirely accurate. According to Wikipedia, which provides a good definition: "The method of Bulverism is to "assume that your opponent is wrong, and explain his error.” The Bulverist assumes a speaker's argument is invalid or false and then explains why the speaker came to make that mistake, attacking the speaker or the speaker's motive."

    Xiaolaohu
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    These aren't explained very well, are they, perhaps they need you to edit, I'm not being sarcastic, they really aren't as clear as they could be.

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    Zenozenobee
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Mmmhh, biased opinion must be point out. If some "expert" say something is safe and work for the enterprise that produce the something, it's nice to know. That way you know you should not rely on this one and only opinion.

    sam puckett
    Community Member
    4 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    I'm biased. But I have the ability to create my own opinion. I just don't do it often...

    PandaMan
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    A biased opinion is just that - it might be right or might be wrong. The problem with this post is they should replace opinion with a side backed with facts and be ready to debate the issue.

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    #18

    Fallacies-Dummies

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    Giovanni
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    There's a deep difference between an "expert" and an expert, that's the root of all the anti-scientific movements.

    Agnes Jekyll
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Right, like using Dr Ruth to prove that heart disease is caused by woodworking when she is an expert in sexual relations, not heart disease

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    Tobias Meiner
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    This is not a fallacy. Basically every scientific discussion appeals to authority (in this case, the scientific consensus). And every single person who is _not_ an expert uses such arguments.

    Isog Sargent
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Correct. The question is whether the expert is, in fact, an expert. If the expert appealed to is the world's foremost authority on the subject then this is not a fallacy. And, as you point out, those who are not experts would be required to never state anything if they were not allowed to appeal to actual experts.

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    Daria B
    Community Member
    7 years ago (edited) Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Sometimes this kind of approach indicates the lack of will to take responsibility for your words.

    Max Blancke
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    But sometimes the expert actually has extensive and specific knowledge of the subject. That is why they are considered an expert. Why would you not defer to their expertise on a complex subject?

    Hans
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Hans' pro tip: do not listen to experts. (They might provide you with a paradoxon.)

    Christopher Allen
    Community Member
    3 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    One big issue is that there are people out there that are equally qualified, but have differing opinions. When I ask about this. Bandwagon is used a lot.

    D. Pitbull
    Community Member
    6 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Ohh... so they mean an Expert who is... not... really truly... an expert. ie: "I know all about cars 'cuz I watch Youtube a whole lot and I'm an EXPERT Mechanic!! I fixed my grandma's scooter once. And changed a tire THREE times..." ... Meanwhile... the certified Mechanic who went to trade school, got the certification after the gruelling process then worked in the industry for several decades, had their work constantly scrutinized by a governing body (health, safety, accident prevention etc) as per regulations... gives "expert mechanic" a bit of side eye...

    Ashley Dopp
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    This seems a little more like anti-intellectualism. If a group of experts studying something for a very long time agree on something then why should your opinion hold equal weight? This is what fuels the "global warming isn't real" or "vaccines cause autism" arguments. They think their opinion is as good as those people that actually spend their lives studying these things. And, sometimes there are leading experts on a field. I wouldn't say my opinion on ancient Egypt is anywhere near as valid as the theories of Dr. Zahi Hawass. Sometimes people just need to learn to shut up and listen as much as it hurts their egos.

    Chris Sprucefield
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    This is classic for the co2 religion. Nobody, not even physicists or other PHD's gets to have any opinion, because they are not climate scientists or experts on the subject. Nota bene - all the "climate scientists" has their education elsewhere, as there are no PHD's in "climate science". Self-fulfilling fallacy where the referrer refers to a "climate science expert" who can not be an expert due to the same logic, as (s)he does not have a degree in "climate science", simply because, there are no such degrees...

    PandaMan
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Also, remember the government medical experts - hated eggs, then loved eggs, hated alcohol, then loved wine, hated bacon then said ok in moderation... oh let's not forgot that coffee causes cancer - LOL - Starbucks would be bankrupt.

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    #19

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    Rafaella Bueno
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Yup. Just because someone is a d**k, doesn't mean they can't point it out when you're being one. Being a d**k doesn't automatically make them wrong, just a hypocrite.

    danielw
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Actually, being a jerk probably makes it easier for them to recognize another jerk. 'Nice' people generally assume some excuse for anothers bad behavior. A jerk will know it's just because your a jerk.

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    Kiki
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    I hate this one because this one was invented by hypocrites to prevent someone from pointing out their hypocrisy. "Yeah, I'm a hypocrite, but I'm going to disguise your argument as a logical fallacy to prevent you from calling me out on it".

    #20

    Fallacies-Dummies

    Slippysilverpanda Report

    Zenozenobee
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    I don't get this one. If an argument contained a fallacy (even if the one using it doesn't know it) then, the reasoning is likely to be unsound. Depending of the fallacy of course

    Adi Djobo
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Fallacy fallacy is a pest of one to explain. A person argues a point, but the argument they are using contains a fallacy. The act of the fallacy fallacy is to dismiss that person's point as being wrong because their argument contained a fallacy. The point they were making is not necessarily wrong because thy argued the point poorly.

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    Tobias Meiner
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    This is not a fallacy in itself. It is a claim that can be easily disproved provided the delivery of the argument was logically coherent. When disproved it becomes cognitive error or a simple lie (if its author knew there was no fallacy).

    Chris Sprucefield
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    A negative negative becomes a true, but this is still a false.

    Lucy Shupe
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    What the hell,this means Trump is wrong every time he opens his mouth. There literally isn’t one thing he says that doesn’t contain multiple fallacies.

    Lyone Fein
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Well, you are simply factually incorrect.

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    Koenraad Callaerts
    Community Member
    4 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    It's a good thing if you can spot fallacies. Rather than pointing out to the other, it may be a better idea to ask appropriate questions that will reveal the fallacy.

    Laura Chandler
    Community Member
    5 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Is claiming the argument is invalid the same as claiming it’s wrong?

    Lyone Fein
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Sorry, but this is just wrong. Unless you can make your argument without using fallacies, then your argument is unsound.

    PandaMan
    Community Member
    7 years ago Created by potrace 1.15, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2017

    Trump will never be president - from every expert, politician, media poles... now that was a fallacy... LMAO!

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